Form: 10-Q

Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

February 25, 2016

Documents

Table of Contents


 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
þ
 
Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
 
For the quarterly period ended January 31, 2016
OR
o
 
Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
 
For the transition period from ____________ to ____________ .

Commission File Number 0-21180
INTUIT INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
(State of incorporation)
 
77-0034661
(IRS employer identification no.)
 
2700 Coast Avenue, Mountain View, CA 94043
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
 
 
 
 
(650) 944-6000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports); and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer þ
 
Accelerated filer o
 
Non-accelerated filer o
 
Smaller reporting company o
 
 
 
 
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date. 256,821,224 shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value, were outstanding at February 19, 2016.
 


INTUIT INC.
FORM 10-Q
INDEX

 
Page
Number
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 EX-10.02
 EX-10.03
 EX-31.01
 EX-31.02
 EX-32.01
 EX-32.02
 EX-101.INS XBRL Instance Document
 EX-101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
 EX-101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
 EX-101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
 EX-101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
 EX-101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase

Intuit, the Intuit logo, QuickBooks, TurboTax, Lacerte, ProSeries, and Mint, among others, are registered trademarks and/or registered service marks of Intuit Inc., or one of its subsidiaries, in the United States and other countries. Other parties’ marks are the property of their respective owners.

2
Table of Contents

PART I
ITEM 1
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

INTUIT INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except per share amounts)
January 31,
2016
 
January 31,
2015
 
January 31,
2016
 
January 31,
2015
Net revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product
$
264

 
$
195

 
$
535

 
$
423

Service and other
659

 
554

 
1,101

 
938

Total net revenue
923

 
749

 
1,636

 
1,361

Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of product revenue
40

 
42

 
69

 
75

Cost of service and other revenue
153

 
139

 
284

 
258

Amortization of acquired technology
6

 
7

 
12

 
14

Selling and marketing
356

 
344

 
600

 
595

Research and development
205

 
188

 
418

 
377

General and administrative
120

 
115

 
237

 
234

Amortization of other acquired intangible assets
1

 
3

 
3

 
6

Total costs and expenses
881

 
838

 
1,623

 
1,559

Operating income (loss) from continuing operations
42

 
(89
)
 
13

 
(198
)
Interest expense
(9
)
 
(7
)
 
(16
)
 
(14
)
Interest and other income (expense), net
(5
)
 
2

 
(9
)
 
2

Income (loss) before income taxes
28

 
(94
)
 
(12
)
 
(210
)
Income tax benefit
(1
)
 
(34
)
 
(10
)
 
(69
)
Net income (loss) from continuing operations
29

 
(60
)
 
(2
)
 
(141
)
Net loss from discontinued operations
(5
)
 
(6
)
 
(5
)
 
(9
)
Net income (loss)
$
24

 
$
(66
)
 
$
(7
)
 
$
(150
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic net income (loss) per share from continuing operations
$
0.11

 
$
(0.21
)
 
$
(0.01
)
 
$
(0.50
)
Basic net loss per share from discontinued operations
(0.02
)
 
(0.02
)
 
(0.02
)
 
(0.03
)
Basic net income (loss) per share
$
0.09

 
$
(0.23
)
 
$
(0.03
)
 
$
(0.53
)
Shares used in basic per share calculations
263

 
285

 
267

 
285

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted net income (loss) per share from continuing operations
$
0.11

 
$
(0.21
)
 
$
(0.01
)
 
$
(0.50
)
Diluted net loss per share from discontinued operations
(0.02
)
 
(0.02
)
 
(0.02
)
 
(0.03
)
Diluted net income (loss) per share
$
0.09

 
$
(0.23
)
 
$
(0.03
)
 
$
(0.53
)
Shares used in diluted per share calculations
266

 
285

 
267

 
285

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash dividends declared per common share
$
0.30

 
$
0.25

 
$
0.60

 
$
0.50

See accompanying notes.

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Table of Contents

INTUIT INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Unaudited)

 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
January 31,
2016
 
January 31,
2015
 
January 31,
2016
 
January 31,
2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss)
$
24

 
$
(66
)
 
$
(7
)
 
$
(150
)
Other comprehensive loss, net of income taxes:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation losses
(10
)
 
(15
)
 
(12
)
 
(20
)
Total other comprehensive loss, net
(10
)
 
(15
)
 
(12
)
 
(20
)
Comprehensive income (loss)
$
14

 
$
(81
)
 
$
(19
)
 
$
(170
)


See accompanying notes.


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Table of Contents

INTUIT INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(In millions)
January 31,
2016
 
July 31,
2015
ASSETS
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
334

 
$
808

Investments
—

 
889

Accounts receivable, net
512

 
91

Income taxes receivable
108

 
84

Deferred income taxes
—

 
231

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
110

 
94

Current assets of discontinued operations
30

 
26

Current assets before funds held for customers
1,094

 
2,223

Funds held for customers
373

 
337

Total current assets
1,467

 
2,560

Long-term investments
28

 
27

Property and equipment, net
980

 
682

Goodwill
1,278

 
1,266

Acquired intangible assets, net
67

 
87

Long-term deferred income taxes
211

 
5

Other assets
103

 
106

Long-term assets of discontinued operations
215

 
235

Total assets
$
4,349

 
$
4,968

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Short-term debt
$
245

 
$
—

Accounts payable
286

 
190

Accrued compensation and related liabilities
179

 
283

Deferred revenue
961

 
691

Other current liabilities
208

 
150

Current liabilities of discontinued operations
97

 
93

Current liabilities before customer fund deposits
1,976

 
1,407

Customer fund deposits
373

 
337

Total current liabilities
2,349

 
1,744

Long-term debt
1,000

 
500

Long-term deferred revenue
153

 
152

Other long-term obligations
138

 
172

Long-term obligations of discontinued operations
68

 
68

Total liabilities
3,708

 
2,636

Commitments and contingencies

 

Stockholders’ equity:
 
 
 
Preferred stock
—

 
—

Common stock and additional paid-in capital
4,226

 
4,010

Treasury stock, at cost
(9,400
)
 
(7,675
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(42
)
 
(30
)
Retained earnings
5,857

 
6,027

Total stockholders’ equity
641

 
2,332

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
4,349

 
$
4,968

See accompanying notes.

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INTUIT INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)

(In millions, except shares in thousands)
Shares of
Common
Stock
 
Common
Stock and
Additional
Paid-In
Capital
 
Treasury
Stock
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Total
Stockholders'
Equity
Balance at July 31, 2015
277,706

 
$
4,010

 
$
(7,675
)
 
$
(30
)
 
$
6,027

 
$
2,332

Comprehensive loss
—

 
—

 
—

 
(12
)
 
(7
)
 
(19
)
Issuance of stock under employee stock plans
1,901

 
56

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
56

Stock repurchases under stock repurchase programs
(19,134
)
 
—

 
(1,725
)
 
—

 
—

 
(1,725
)
Dividends and dividend rights declared ($0.60 per share)
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(163
)
 
(163
)
Tax benefit from share-based compensation plans
—

 
20

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
20

Share-based compensation expense
—

 
140

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
140

Balance at January 31, 2016
260,473

 
$
4,226

 
$
(9,400
)
 
$
(42
)
 
$
5,857

 
$
641


(In millions, except shares in thousands)
Shares of
Common
Stock
 
Common
Stock and
Additional
Paid-In
Capital
 
Treasury
Stock
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Total
Stockholders'
Equity
Balance at July 31, 2014
284,950

 
$
3,561

 
$
(6,430
)
 
$
(2
)
 
$
5,949

 
$
3,078

Comprehensive loss
—

 
—

 
—

 
(20
)
 
(150
)
 
(170
)
Issuance of stock under employee stock plans
3,463

 
101

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
101

Stock repurchases under stock repurchase programs
(7,473
)
 
—

 
(668
)
 
—

 
—

 
(668
)
Dividends and dividend rights declared ($0.50 per share)
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(147
)
 
(147
)
Tax benefit from share-based compensation plans
—

 
38

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
38

Share-based compensation expense
—

 
122

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
122

Balance at January 31, 2015
280,940

 
$
3,822

 
$
(7,098
)
 
$
(22
)
 
$
5,652

 
$
2,354



See accompanying notes.

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INTUIT INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
January 31,
2016
 
January 31,
2015
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
Net loss
$
(7
)
 
$
(150
)
 Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
Depreciation
94

 
75

Amortization of acquired intangible assets
19

 
36

Share-based compensation expense
137

 
122

Deferred income taxes
(11
)
 
(16
)
Tax benefit from share-based compensation plans
20

 
38

Excess tax benefit from share-based compensation plans
(20
)
 
(38
)
Other
10

 
19

Total adjustments
249

 
236

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
Accounts receivable
(431
)
 
(327
)
Income taxes receivable
(26
)
 
(110
)
Prepaid expenses and other assets
(18
)
 
12

Accounts payable
103

 
116

Accrued compensation and related liabilities
(100
)
 
(79
)
Deferred revenue
296

 
439

Other liabilities
43

 
110

Total changes in operating assets and liabilities
(133
)
 
161

Net cash provided by operating activities
109

 
247

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
Purchases of available-for-sale debt securities
(181
)
 
(619
)
Sales of available-for-sale debt securities
942

 
458

Maturities of available-for-sale debt securities
126

 
328

Net change in money market funds and other cash equivalents held
 to satisfy customer fund obligations
(35
)
 
(65
)
Net change in customer fund deposits
35

 
65

Purchases of property and equipment
(394
)
 
(116
)
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired
—

 
(76
)
Other
—

 
(10
)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
493

 
(35
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
Proceeds from borrowings under credit facility
745

 
—

Net proceeds from issuance of stock under employee stock plans
56

 
101

Cash paid for purchases of treasury stock
(1,725
)
 
(554
)
Dividends and dividend rights paid
(161
)
 
(143
)
Excess tax benefit from share-based compensation plans
20

 
38

Net cash used in financing activities
(1,065
)
 
(558
)
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
(11
)
 
(21
)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
(474
)
 
(367
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
808

 
849

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$
334

 
$
482

_________________________
Because the cash flows of our discontinued operations were not material for any period presented, we have not segregated the cash flows of those businesses on these statements of cash flows. See Note 4, “Discontinued Operations,” for more information.
See accompanying notes.

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INTUIT INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

1.
Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description of Business
Intuit Inc. provides business and financial management solutions for small businesses, consumers, and accounting professionals. With flagship products and services that include QuickBooks and TurboTax, we help customers solve important business and financial management problems such as running a small business, paying bills, and filing income taxes. ProSeries and Lacerte are Intuit’s tax preparation offerings for professional accountants. Incorporated in 1984 and headquartered in Mountain View, California, we sell our products and services primarily in the United States.
Basis of Presentation
These condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Intuit and its wholly owned subsidiaries. We have eliminated all significant intercompany balances and transactions in consolidation. We have included all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring items, which we considered necessary for a fair presentation of our financial results for the interim periods presented. We have reclassified certain amounts previously reported in our financial statements to conform to the current presentation, including amounts related to discontinued operations and reportable segments. See Note 4, “Discontinued Operations,” and Note 10, “Segment Information,” for more information.
As discussed in Note 4, we classified our Demandforce, QuickBase, and Quicken businesses as discontinued operations in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015. We have reclassified our statements of operations and balance sheets for all periods presented to reflect these businesses as discontinued operations. Because the cash flows of these businesses were not material for any period presented, we have not segregated them on our statements of cash flows. Unless noted otherwise, discussions in these notes pertain to our continuing operations.
These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes should be read together with the audited consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2015. Results for the six months ended January 31, 2016 do not necessarily indicate the results we expect for the fiscal year ending July 31, 2016 or any other future period.
Seasonality
Our Consumer Tax offerings have significant seasonal patterns and revenue from those income tax preparation products and services is heavily concentrated in our third fiscal quarter ending April 30.
Significant Accounting Policies
We describe our significant accounting policies in Note 1 to the financial statements in Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2015. There have been no changes to our significant accounting policies during the first six months of fiscal 2016.
Use of Estimates

In preparing our consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), we make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our financial statements and the disclosures made in the accompanying notes. For example, we use estimates in determining the appropriate levels of reserves for product returns and rebates, the collectibility of accounts receivable, the appropriate levels of various accruals including accruals for litigation contingencies, the amount of our worldwide tax provision, and the realizability of deferred tax assets. We also use estimates in determining the remaining economic lives and fair values of acquired intangible assets, property and equipment, and other long-lived assets. In addition, we use assumptions to estimate the fair value of reporting units and share-based compensation. Despite our intention to establish accurate estimates and use reasonable assumptions, actual results may differ from our estimates.
Computation of Net Income (Loss) Per Share
We compute basic net income or loss per share using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. We compute diluted net income per share using the weighted average number of common shares and dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. Dilutive potential common shares consist of the shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options and upon the vesting of restricted stock units (RSUs) under the treasury stock method.

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We include stock options with combined exercise prices, unrecognized compensation expense and tax benefits that are less than the average market price for our common stock, and RSUs with combined unrecognized compensation expense and tax benefits that are less than the average market price for our common stock, in the calculation of diluted net income per share. We exclude stock options with combined exercise prices, unrecognized compensation expense and tax benefits that are greater than the average market price for our common stock, and RSUs with combined unrecognized compensation expense and tax benefits that are greater than the average market price for our common stock, from the calculation of diluted net income per share because their effect is anti-dilutive. Under the treasury stock method, the amount that must be paid to exercise stock options, the amount of compensation expense for future service that we have not yet recognized for stock options and RSUs, and the amount of tax benefits that will be recorded in additional paid-in capital when the awards become deductible are assumed to be used to repurchase shares.
All of the RSUs we grant have dividend rights. Dividend rights are accumulated and paid when the underlying RSUs vest. Since the dividend rights are subject to the same vesting requirements as the underlying equity awards they are considered a contingent transfer of value. Consequently, the RSUs are not considered participating securities and we do not present them separately in earnings per share.
In loss periods, basic net loss per share and diluted net loss per share are the same since the effect of potential common shares is anti-dilutive and therefore excluded.

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Table of Contents

The following table presents the composition of shares used in the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share for the periods indicated.
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except per share amounts)
January 31,
2016
 
January 31,
2015
 
January 31,
2016
 
January 31,
2015
Numerator:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) from continuing operations
$
29

 
$
(60
)
 
$
(2
)
 
$
(141
)
Net loss from discontinued operations
(5
)
 
(6
)
 
(5
)
 
(9
)
Net income (loss)
$
24

 
$
(66
)
 
$
(7
)
 
$
(150
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denominator:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares used in basic per share amounts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding
263

 
285

 
267

 
285

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares used in diluted per share amounts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding
263

 
285

 
267

 
285

Dilutive common equivalent shares from stock options
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
and restricted stock awards
3

 
—

 
—

 
—

Dilutive weighted average common shares outstanding
266

 
285

 
267

 
285

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic and diluted net loss per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic net income (loss) per share from continuing operations
$
0.11

 
$
(0.21
)
 
$
(0.01
)
 
$
(0.50
)
Basic net loss per share from discontinued operations
(0.02
)
 
(0.02
)
 
(0.02
)
 
(0.03
)
Basic net income (loss) per share
$
0.09

 
$
(0.23
)
 
$
(0.03
)
 
$
(0.53
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted net income (loss) per share from continuing operations
$
0.11

 
$
(0.21
)
 
$
(0.01
)
 
$
(0.50
)
Diluted net loss per share from discontinued operations
(0.02
)
 
(0.02
)
 
(0.02
)
 
(0.03
)
Diluted net income (loss) per share
$
0.09

 
$
(0.23
)
 
$
(0.03
)
 
$
(0.53
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares excluded from computation of diluted net income (loss)
per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average stock options and restricted stock units that would have been included in the computation of dilutive common equivalent shares outstanding if net income had been reported in the period
—

 
14

 
13

 
15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average stock options and restricted stock units excluded from computation due to anti-dilutive effect
2

 
2

 
2

 
2

Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Customers
No customer accounted for 10% or more of total net revenue in the three or six months ended January 31, 2016 or January 31, 2015. Due to the seasonality of our consumer tax offerings, one retail customer accounted for 15% of gross accounts receivable at January 31, 2016. No customer accounted for 10% or more of gross accounts receivable at July 31, 2015.
Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
ASU 2015-16, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments.”
In September 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2015-16, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments.” ASU 2015-16 eliminates the requirement for an acquirer to retrospectively adjust provisional amounts recorded in a business combination to reflect new information about the facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date and that, if known, would have affected measurement or recognition of amounts initially recognized. As an alternative, the amendment

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requires that an acquirer recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. The amendments require that the acquirer record, in the financial statements of the period in which adjustments to provisional amounts are determined, the effect on earnings of changes in depreciation, amortization, or other income effects, if any, as a result of the change to the provisional amounts, calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. ASU 2015-16 is effective prospectively for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, including interim periods within those fiscal years, which means that it will be effective for us in the first quarter of our fiscal year beginning August 1, 2016. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of our pending adoption of ASU 2015-16 on our consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)”
In May 2014 the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606),” and in August 2015 the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date,” which defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year. ASU 2014-09 supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is to recognize revenues when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that is expected to be received for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 defines a five step process to achieve this core principle and, in doing so, it is possible that more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than is required under present U.S. GAAP. These may include identifying performance obligations in the contract, estimating the amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price, and allocating the transaction price to each separate performance obligation. The new standard also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments. ASU 2014-09 is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, which means that it will be effective for us in the first quarter of our fiscal year beginning August 1, 2018. Early adoption of one year prior to the required effective date is permitted. ASU 2014-09 allows adoption using either of two methods: (i) retrospective to each prior reporting period presented, with the option to elect certain practical expedients; or (ii) retrospective with the cumulative effect of initially applying ASU 2014-09 recognized at the date of initial application and providing certain additional disclosures. We are currently evaluating the impact of our pending adoption of ASU 2014-09 on our consolidated financial statements.
Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted
ASU 2015-17, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes”
In November 2015 the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes,” requiring all deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any related valuation allowance, to be classified as noncurrent on the balance sheet. We elected to early adopt this standard in the second quarter of fiscal 2016 on a prospective basis. ASU 2015-17 did not have a material impact on our consolidated balance sheets and had no impact on our consolidated statements of operations or cash flows. Prior periods were not adjusted.
We do not expect that any other recently issued accounting pronouncements will have a significant effect on our financial statements.


2.
Fair Value Measurements
The authoritative guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. When determining fair value, we consider the principal or most advantageous market for an asset or liability and assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. In addition, we consider and use all valuation methods that are appropriate in estimating the fair value of an asset or liability.
The authoritative guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that is based on the extent and level of judgment used to estimate the fair value of assets and liabilities. In general, the authoritative guidance requires us to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. An asset or liability’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the measurement of its fair value. The three levels of input defined by the authoritative guidance are as follows:
•
Level 1 uses unadjusted quoted prices that are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
•
Level 2 uses inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are either directly or indirectly observable through correlation with market data. These include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; and inputs to valuation models or other pricing methodologies that do not require significant judgment because the inputs used in the model, such as

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interest rates and volatility, can be corroborated by readily observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
•
Level 3 uses one or more unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the determination of fair value. Level 3 assets and liabilities include those whose fair values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar valuation techniques and significant management judgment or estimation.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following table summarizes financial assets and financial liabilities that we measured at fair value on a recurring basis at the dates indicated, classified in accordance with the fair value hierarchy described above.
 
January 31, 2016
 
July 31, 2015
(In millions)
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Fair Value
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Fair Value
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash equivalents, primarily money market funds
$
280

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
280

 
$
695

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
695

Available-for-sale debt securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Municipal bonds
—

 
6

 
—

 
6

 
—

 
506

 
—

 
506

Corporate notes
—

 
169

 
—

 
169

 
—

 
546

 
—

 
546

U.S. agency securities
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
12

 
—

 
12

Municipal auction rate securities
—

 
—

 
15

 
15

 
—

 
—

 
15

 
15

Total available-for-sale securities
—

 
175

 
15

 
190

 
—

 
1,064

 
15

 
1,079

Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis
$
280

 
$
175

 
$
15

 
$
470

 
$
695

 
$
1,064

 
$
15

 
$
1,774

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Senior notes (1)
$
—

 
$
523

 
$
—

 
$
523

 
$
—

 
$
531

 
$
—

 
$
531

______________________________
(1)
Carrying value in long-term debt on our balance sheets at January 31, 2016 was $500 million and at July 31, 2015 was $500 million. See Note 6, “Long-Term Obligations and Commitments,” for more information.


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The following table summarizes our cash equivalents and available-for-sale debt securities by balance sheet classification and level in the fair value hierarchy at the dates indicated.
 
January 31, 2016
 
July 31, 2015
(In millions)
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Fair Value
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Fair Value
Cash equivalents:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In cash and cash equivalents
$
82

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
82

 
$
533

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
533

In funds held for customers
198

 
—

 
—

 
198

 
162

 
—

 
—

 
162

Total cash equivalents
$
280

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
280

 
$
695

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
695

Available-for-sale securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In investments
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
889

 
$
—

 
$
889

In funds held for customers
—

 
175

 
—

 
175

 
—

 
175

 
—

 
175

In long-term investments
—

 
—

 
15

 
15

 
—

 
—

 
15

 
15

Total available-for-sale securities
$
—

 
$
175

 
$
15

 
$
190

 
$
—

 
$
1,064

 
$
15

 
$
1,079

We value our Level 1 assets, consisting primarily of money market funds, using quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments. Financial assets whose fair values we measure on a recurring basis using Level 2 inputs consist of municipal bonds, corporate notes, and U.S. agency securities. We measure the fair values of these assets with the help of a pricing service that either provides quoted market prices in active markets for identical or similar securities or uses observable inputs for their pricing without applying significant adjustments. Our fair value processes include controls that are designed to ensure that we record appropriate fair values for our Level 2 investments. These controls include comparison to pricing provided by a secondary pricing service or investment manager, validation of pricing sources and models, review of key model inputs, analysis of period-over-period price fluctuations, and independent recalculation of prices where appropriate.
Financial liabilities whose fair values we measure using Level 2 inputs consist of senior unsecured notes. See Note 6, “Long-Term Obligations and Commitments,” for more information. We measure the fair value of our senior notes based on their trading prices and the interest rates we could obtain for other borrowings with similar terms.
Financial assets whose fair values we measure using significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs consist of municipal auction rate securities that are no longer liquid. We estimate the fair values of the auction rate securities using a discounted cash flow model. We continue to classify them as long-term investments based on the maturities of the underlying securities at that date. We do not intend to sell our municipal auction rate securities. In addition, it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell them before recovery at par, which may be at maturity.
There were no transfers between Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy during the six months ended January 31, 2016.


3.
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Investments and Funds Held for Customers
We consider highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist primarily of AAA-rated money market funds in all periods presented. Investments at July 31, 2015 consisted of available-for-sale investment-grade debt securities that we carried at fair value. Funds held for customers consist of cash and cash equivalents and investment grade available-for-sale debt securities in all periods presented. Except for direct obligations of the United States government, securities issued by agencies of the United States government, and money market funds, we diversify our investments in debt securities by limiting our holdings with any individual issuer.

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The following table summarizes our cash and cash equivalents, investments, and funds held for customers by balance sheet classification at the dates indicated.
 
January 31, 2016
 
July 31, 2015
(In millions)
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair Value
Classification on balance sheets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
334

 
$
334

 
$
808

 
$
808

Investments
—

 
—

 
890

 
889

Funds held for customers
373

 
373

 
337

 
337

Long-term investments
28

 
28

 
27

 
27

Total cash and cash equivalents, investments, and funds
held for customers
$
735

 
$
735

 
$
2,062

 
$
2,061

The following table summarizes our cash and cash equivalents, investments, and funds held for customers by investment category at the dates indicated.
 
January 31, 2016
 
July 31, 2015
(In millions)
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair Value
Type of issue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total cash and cash equivalents
$
532

 
$
532

 
$
970

 
$
970

Available-for-sale debt securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Municipal bonds
6

 
6

 
507

 
506

Corporate notes
169

 
169

 
546

 
546

U.S. agency securities
—

 
—

 
12

 
12

Municipal auction rate securities
15

 
15

 
15

 
15

Total available-for-sale debt securities
190

 
190

 
1,080

 
1,079

Other long-term investments
13

 
13

 
12

 
12

Total cash and cash equivalents, investments, and funds
held for customers
$
735

 
$
735

 
$
2,062

 
$
2,061

We use the specific identification method to compute gains and losses on investments. We include realized gains and losses on our available-for-sale debt securities in interest and other income, net in our statements of operations. Gross realized gains and losses on our available-for-sale debt securities for the three and six months ended January 31, 2016 and January 31, 2015 were not significant.
We accumulate unrealized gains and losses on our available-for-sale debt securities, net of tax, in accumulated other comprehensive income or loss in the stockholders’ equity section of our balance sheets. Gross unrealized gains and losses on our available-for-sale debt securities at January 31, 2016 and July 31, 2015 were not significant.
We periodically review our investment portfolios to determine if any investment is other-than-temporarily impaired due to changes in credit risk or other potential valuation concerns. We believe that the investments we held at January 31, 2016 were not other-than-temporarily impaired. Unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities at January 31, 2016 were not significant and were due to changes in interest rates, including market credit spreads, and not due to increased credit risks associated with specific securities. We do not intend to sell these investments. In addition, it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell them before recovery at par, which may be at maturity.

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The following table summarizes our available-for-sale debt securities classified by the stated maturity date of the security at the dates indicated.
 
January 31, 2016
 
July 31, 2015
(In millions)
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair Value
Due within one year
$
89

 
$
89

 
$
434

 
$
435

Due within two years
41

 
41

 
443

 
442

Due within three years
45

 
45

 
156

 
156

Due after three years
15

 
15

 
47

 
46

Total available-for-sale debt securities
$
190

 
$
190

 
$
1,080

 
$
1,079

Available-for-sale debt securities due after three years in the table above include our municipal auction rate securities. See Note 2, “Fair Value Measurements,” for more information. All of the remaining securities in that category had interest reset dates or mandatory call dates within three years of the dates indicated in the table.


4.
Discontinued Operations
In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015 management having the authority to do so formally approved a plan to sell our Demandforce, QuickBase, and Quicken businesses. The decision was a result of management’s desire to focus resources on our core small business and tax strategies. We determined that these businesses became long-lived assets held for sale in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015. A long-lived asset classified as held for sale is measured at the lower of its carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Since the carrying values of these three businesses at January 31, 2016 and July 31, 2015 were less than the estimated fair values less cost to sell, no adjustments to the carrying values of these long-lived assets were necessary at those dates.
We also classified our Demandforce, QuickBase, and Quicken businesses as discontinued operations in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015 and have therefore segregated their operating results from continuing operations in our statements of operations and on our balance sheets for all periods presented. Because the cash flows of these businesses were not material for any period presented, we have not segregated them on our statements of cash flows. Demandforce and QuickBase were part of our Small Business segment and Quicken was part of our former Consumer segment.

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The carrying amounts of the major classes of assets and liabilities of Demandforce, QuickBase, and Quicken at January 31, 2016 and July 31, 2015 were as shown in the following table.
(In millions)
January 31,
2016
 
July 31,
2015
Accounts receivable
$
28

 
$
19

Deferred income taxes
—

 
5

Prepaid and other current assets
2

 
2

Property and equipment, net
19

 
25

Goodwill
151

 
165

Purchased intangible assets, net
43

 
43

Other assets
2

 
2

Total assets
245

 
261

 
 
 
 
Accounts payable
8

 
7

Accrued compensation
20

 
21

Deferred revenue
56

 
48

Other current liabilities
13

 
17

Long-term deferred revenue
52

 
39

Long-term obligations
16

 
29

Total liabilities
165

 
161

Net assets
$
80

 
$
100

Net revenue from discontinued operations, income (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes, and the components of net income (loss) from discontinued operations were as follows for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
January 31,
2016
 
January 31,
2015
 
January 31,
2016
 
January 31,
2015
Net revenue from discontinued operations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Demandforce
$
24

 
$
30

 
$
49

 
$
61

QuickBase
20

 
17

 
40

 
34

Quicken
12

 
12

 
26

 
25

Total net revenue from discontinued operations
$
56

 
$
59

 
$
115

 
$
120

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Demandforce
$
(6
)
 
$
(14
)
 
$
(10
)
 
$
(28
)
QuickBase
2

 
4

 
6

 
7

Quicken
(5
)
 
1

 
(1
)
 
7

Total loss from discontinued operations before income taxes
$
(9
)
 
$
(9
)
 
$
(5
)
 
$
(14
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss from Demandforce operations
$
(3
)
 
$
(10
)
 
$
(6
)
 
$
(19
)
Net income from QuickBase operations
1

 
3

 
4

 
5

Net income (loss) from Quicken operations
(3
)
 
1

 
—

 
5

Tax expense from discontinued operations
—

 
—

 
(3
)
 
—

Total net loss from discontinued operations
$
(5
)
 
$
(6
)
 
$
(5
)
 
$
(9
)



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5.
Current Liabilities
Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility
On February 17, 2012 we entered into an agreement with certain institutional lenders for a $500 million unsecured revolving credit facility that will expire on February 17, 2017. We may, subject to certain customary conditions, on one or more occasions increase commitments under the facility in an amount not to exceed $250 million in the aggregate. Advances under the unsecured revolving credit facility accrue interest at rates that are equal to, at our election, either JP Morgan's alternate base rate plus a margin that ranges from 0.0% to 0.5% or London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus a margin that ranges from 0.9% to 1.5%. Actual margins under either election are based on our senior debt credit ratings. The agreement includes customary affirmative and negative covenants, including financial covenants that require us to maintain a ratio of total debt to annual earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) of not greater than 3.25 to 1.00 as of any date and a ratio of annual EBITDA to interest payable of not less than 3.00 to 1.00 as of the last day of each fiscal quarter. We remained in compliance with these covenants at all times during the quarter ended January 31, 2016. As of January 31, 2016, there was $745 million in outstanding borrowings on this credit facility, of which $245 million was considered short term.
Other Current Liabilities
Other current liabilities were as follows at the dates indicated:
(In millions)
January 31,
2016
 
July 31,
2015
Reserve for product returns
$
50

 
$
12

Reserve for rebates
40

 
12

Current portion of license fee payable
10

 
10

Current portion of deferred rent
3

 
8

Interest payable
11

 
10

Executive deferred compensation plan liabilities
59

 
63

Other
35

 
35

Total other current liabilities
$
208

 
$
150

The balances of several of our other current liabilities, particularly our reserves for product returns and rebates, are affected by the seasonality of our business. See Note 1, “Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Seasonality,” for more information.


6.
Long-Term Obligations and Commitments
Long-Term Debt
Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility
We have an unsecured revolving credit facility that will expire on February 17, 2017. As of January 31, 2016, there was $745 million in outstanding borrowings on this credit facility, of which $500 million was considered long term. See Note 5, “Current Liabilities,” for more information.
Senior Unsecured Notes
On March 12, 2007 we issued $500 million of 5.75% senior unsecured notes due on March 15, 2017 (the Notes). We carried the Notes at face value less the unamortized discount in long-term debt on our balance sheets at January 31, 2016 and July 31, 2015. The Notes are redeemable by Intuit at any time, subject to a make-whole premium, and include covenants that limit our ability to grant liens on our facilities and to enter into sale and leaseback transactions, subject to significant allowances. Interest on the Notes is payable semi-annually on March 15 and September 15. We paid $14 million in cash for interest on the Notes during the six months ended January 31, 2016 and $14 million in cash for interest on the Notes during the six months ended January 31, 2015.


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Other Long-Term Obligations
Other long-term obligations were as follows at the dates indicated:
(In millions)
January 31,
2016
 
July 31,
2015
Total deferred rent
$
54

 
$
49

Total license fee payable
35

 
34

Long-term income tax liabilities
47

 
45

Long-term deferred income tax liabilities
5

 
50

Other
11

 
13

Total long-term obligations
152

 
191

Less current portion (included in other current liabilities)
(14
)
 
(19
)
Long-term obligations due after one year
$
138

 
$
172

Operating Lease Commitments
We describe our operating lease commitments in Note 9 to the financial statements in Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2015. In January 2016 we completed the purchase of certain leased facilities for $262 million in cash. The lease on these facilities was scheduled to expire in July 2017 and the remaining operating lease commitment was not significant. There were no other significant changes in our operating lease commitments during the first six months of fiscal 2016.


7.
Income Taxes
Adoption of ASU 2015-17, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes”
In the second quarter of fiscal 2016, we elected to early adopt ASU 2015-17, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes,” on a prospective basis. This new standard requires all deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any related valuation allowance, to be classified as noncurrent on the balance sheet. Prior periods were not adjusted.
Effective Tax Rate
We compute our provision for or benefit from income taxes by applying the estimated annual effective tax rate to income or loss from recurring operations and adding the effects of any discrete income tax items specific to the period.
In December 2015 the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 was signed into law. The Act includes a permanent reinstatement of the federal research and experimentation credit that was retroactive to January 1, 2015. We recorded a discrete tax benefit of approximately $12 million for the retroactive effect during the second quarter of fiscal 2016.
We recorded a $1 million tax benefit on income of $28 million for the three months ended January 31, 2016. Our effective tax rate for the six months ended January 31, 2016 was approximately 87%. Excluding discrete tax items primarily related to the permanent reinstatement of the federal research and experimentation credit, as well as including the effects of losses in certain jurisdictions where we do not recognize a tax benefit, our effective tax rate for those periods was approximately 35% and did not differ significantly from the federal statutory rate of 35%. Tax expense related to share-based compensation, state income taxes, and the effects of losses in certain jurisdictions where we do not recognize a tax benefit were partially offset by the benefit we received from the domestic production activities deduction and the federal research and experimentation credit.
Our effective tax rates for the three and six months ended January 31, 2015 were approximately 37% and 33%. Excluding discrete tax items primarily related to the reinstatement of the federal research and experimentation credit, as well as including the effects of losses in certain jurisdictions where we do not recognize a tax benefit, our effective tax rate for those periods was approximately 36% and did not differ significantly from the federal statutory rate of 35%. Tax expense related to share-based compensation, state income taxes, and the effects of losses in certain jurisdictions where we do not recognize a tax benefit were partially offset by the benefit we received from the domestic production activities deduction and the federal research and experimentation credit.
Unrecognized Tax Benefits and Other Considerations
The total amount of our unrecognized tax benefits at July 31, 2015 was $56 million. Net of related deferred tax assets, unrecognized tax benefits were $37 million at that date. If we were to recognize these net benefits, our income tax expense

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would reflect a favorable net impact of $37 million. There were no material changes to these amounts during the six months ended January 31, 2016. We do not believe that it is reasonably possible that there will be a significant increase or decrease in our unrecognized tax benefits over the next 12 months.

8.
Stockholders’ Equity
Stock Repurchase Programs and Treasury Shares
Intuit’s Board of Directors has authorized a series of common stock repurchase programs. Shares of common stock repurchased under these programs become treasury shares. We repurchased 19.1 million shares for $1.7 billion under these programs during the six months ended January 31, 2016. We repurchased 7.5 million shares for $668 million under these programs during the six months ended January 31, 2015. At January 31, 2016, we had authorization from our Board of Directors to expend up to an additional $900 million for stock repurchases through May 19, 2019. Future stock repurchases under the current program are at the discretion of management, and authorization of future stock repurchase programs is subject to the final determination of our Board of Directors.
Our treasury shares are repurchased at the market price on the trade date; accordingly, all amounts paid to reacquire these shares have been recorded as treasury stock on our balance sheets. Repurchased shares of our common stock are held as treasury shares until they are reissued or retired. When we reissue treasury stock, if the proceeds from the sale are more than the average price we paid to acquire the shares we record an increase in additional paid-in capital. Conversely, if the proceeds from the sale are less than the average price we paid to acquire the shares, we record a decrease in additional paid-in capital to the extent of increases previously recorded for similar transactions and a decrease in retained earnings for any remaining amount.
In the past we have satisfied option exercises and restricted stock unit vesting under our employee equity incentive plans by reissuing treasury shares, and we may do so again in the future. During the second quarter of fiscal 2014 we began issuing new shares of common stock to satisfy option exercises and RSU vesting under our 2005 Equity Incentive Plan. We have not yet determined the ultimate disposition of the shares that we have repurchased in the past, and consequently we continue to hold them as treasury shares.
Dividends on Common Stock
During the six months ended January 31, 2016 we declared and paid quarterly cash dividends that totaled $0.60 per share of outstanding common stock or $163 million. In February 2016 our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.30 per share of outstanding common stock payable on April 18, 2016 to stockholders of record at the close of business on April 11, 2016. Future declarations of dividends and the establishment of future record dates and payment dates are subject to the final determination of our Board of Directors.
Share-Based Compensation Expense
The following table summarizes the total share-based compensation expense that we recorded in operating income (loss) from continuing operations for the periods shown.
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions, except per share amounts)
January 31,
2016
 
January 31,
2015
 
January 31,
2016
 
January 31,
2015
Cost of revenue
$
2

 
$
1

 
$
4

 
$
2

Selling and marketing
18

 
17

 
37

 
33

Research and development
21

 
18

 
42

 
37

General and administrative
24

 
20

 
49

 
41

Total share-based compensation expense
65

 
56

 
132

 
113

Income tax benefit
(20
)
 
(18
)
 
(40
)
 
(36
)
Decrease in net income or increase in net loss from
continuing operations
$
45

 
$
38

 
$
92

 
$
77

Decrease in net income or increase in net loss per share:
 
 
 
 

 

Basic
$
0.17

 
$
0.13

 
$
0.34

 
$
0.27

Diluted
$
0.17

 
$
0.13

 
$
0.34

 
$
0.27

We capitalized $3 million in share-based compensation related to internal use software projects during the six months ended January 31, 2016. The table above also excludes share-based compensation expense for our discontinued operations, which totaled $5 million during the six months ended January 31, 2016 and $9 million during the six months ended January 31, 2015.

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Because we have not reclassified our statements of cash flows to segregate discontinued operations, these amounts are included in share-based compensation expense on our statements of cash flows for those periods.
Share-Based Awards Available for Grant
A summary of share-based awards available for grant under our 2005 Equity Incentive Plan for the six months ended January 31, 2016 was as follows:
(Shares in thousands)
Shares
Available
for Grant
Balance at July 31, 2015
17,183

Options granted
(9
)
Restricted stock units granted (1)
(681
)
Share-based awards canceled/forfeited/expired (1)(2)
2,740

Balance at January 31, 2016
19,233

________________________________
(1)
RSUs granted from the pool of shares available for grant under our 2005 Equity Incentive Plan reduce the pool by 2.3 shares for each share granted. RSUs forfeited and returned to the pool of shares available for grant increase the pool by 2.3 shares for each share forfeited.
(2)
Stock options and restricted stock units canceled, expired or forfeited under our 2005 Equity Incentive Plan are returned to the pool of shares available for grant. Stock options and restricted stock units canceled, expired or forfeited under older expired plans are not returned to the pool of shares available for grant.
Stock Option Activity and Related Share-Based Compensation Expense
A summary of stock option activity for the six months ended January 31, 2016 was as follows:
 
Options Outstanding
(Shares in thousands)
Number
of Shares
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Per Share
Balance at July 31, 2015
8,713

 
$
69.13

Granted
9

 
94.88

Exercised
(999
)
 
46.65

Canceled or expired
(293
)
 
74.11

Balance at January 31, 2016
7,430

 
$
71.98

 
 
 
 
Exercisable at January 31, 2016
4,043

 
$
55.13

At January 31, 2016, there was approximately $48 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options that we expect to recognize as expense in the future. We will adjust unrecognized compensation cost for future changes in estimated forfeitures. We expect to recognize that cost over a weighted average vesting period of two years.

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Restricted Stock Unit Activity and Related Share-Based Compensation Expense
A summary of restricted stock unit activity for the six months ended January 31, 2016 was as follows:
 
Restricted Stock Units
(Shares in thousands)
Number
of Shares
 
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Nonvested at July 31, 2015
8,916

 
$
76.64

Granted
296

 
96.50

Vested
(796
)
 
68.44

Forfeited
(1,032
)
 
69.71

Nonvested at January 31, 2016
7,384

 
$
79.29

At January 31, 2016, there was approximately $339 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested RSUs that we expect to recognize as expense in the future. We will adjust unrecognized compensation cost for future changes in estimated forfeitures. We expect to recognize that cost over a weighted average vesting period of two years.


9.
Litigation
In fiscal 2015 Intuit was contacted by regulatory authorities, including Congress, the Federal Trade Commission, the SEC, the Department of Justice and certain state Attorneys General, which are conducting inquiries in connection with the increase during the 2015 tax season in attempts by criminals using stolen identity information to file fraudulent tax returns and claim refunds at the state and federal levels. Intuit is cooperating with all such government inquiries, including formal requests for information. In addition, we are the subject of certain actions, including a consolidated putative class action lawsuit by individuals who claim to have suffered damages in connection with the foregoing events. We believe that the allegations contained within these lawsuits are without merit, and we intend to vigorously defend against them.
Intuit is subject to certain routine legal proceedings, including class action lawsuits like those described above, as well as demands, claims, government inquiries and threatened litigation, that arise in the normal course of our business, including assertions that we may be infringing patents or other intellectual property rights of others. We currently believe that, in addition to any amounts accrued, the amount of potential losses, if any, for any pending claims of any type (either alone or combined) will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. The ultimate outcome of any litigation is uncertain and, regardless of outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on Intuit because of defense costs, negative publicity, diversion of management resources and other factors. Our failure to obtain necessary license or other rights, or litigation arising out of intellectual property claims could adversely affect our business.


10.
Segment Information
We have defined three reportable segments, described below, based on factors such as how we manage our operations and how our chief operating decision maker views results. We define the chief operating decision maker as our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer. Our chief operating decision maker organizes and manages our business primarily on the basis of product and service offerings.
Small Business. Our Small Business segment includes the following offerings, which target small businesses and the accounting professionals who serve them.
•
QuickBooks financial and business management online services and desktop software; QuickBooks technical support; and financial supplies.
•
QuickBooks Accountant, QuickBooks Accountant Plus, and QuickBooks Online Accountant as well as the QuickBooks ProAdvisor Program, all of which are intended for the accounting professionals who serve small businesses.
•
Small business payroll products and services, including online payroll offerings such as Quickbooks Online Payroll and Intuit Online Payroll; desktop payroll offerings such as QuickBooks Basic Payroll and QuickBooks Enhanced Payroll; and full service payroll offerings such as Intuit Full Service Payroll and QuickBooks Assisted Payroll.

21
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•
Payment processing services for small businesses, including merchant services such as credit and debit card processing; Web-based transaction processing services for online merchants; secure online payments for small businesses and their customers through the Intuit Commerce Network; GoPayment mobile payment processing services; and QuickBooks Point of Sale solutions.
Consumer Tax. Our Consumer Tax segment targets consumers and includes TurboTax income tax preparation products and services and electronic tax filing services.
Professional Tax. Our Professional Tax segment targets professional accountants in the U.S. and Canada and includes Lacerte, ProSeries, ProFile, and Intuit Tax Online professional tax preparation products and services, electronic tax filing services, bank product transmission services, and training services.
All of our segments operate primarily in the United States and sell primarily to customers in the United States. International total net revenue was less than 5% of consolidated total net revenue for all periods presented.
We include expenses such as corporate selling and marketing, product development, and general and administrative expenses and share-based compensation expenses, which are not allocated to specific segments, in unallocated corporate items. Unallocated corporate items also include amortization of acquired technology, amortization of other acquired intangible assets, and goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges.
The accounting policies of our reportable segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies in Note 1 to the financial statements in Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2015 and in Note 1, "Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Significant Accounting Policies" in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Except for goodwill and purchased intangible assets, we do not generally track assets by reportable segment and, consequently, we do not disclose total assets by reportable segment.
The following table shows our financial results by reportable segment for the periods indicated. Results for all periods presented have been adjusted to exclude results for our Demandforce, QuickBase, and Quicken businesses, which we classified as discontinued operations in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015. See Note 4, “Discontinued Operations,” for more information.
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
January 31,
2016
 
January 31,
2015
 
January 31,
2016
 
January 31,
2015
Net revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Small Business segment
$
564

 
$
525

 
$
1,110

 
$
1,044

Consumer Tax segment
275

 
213

 
332

 
270

Professional Tax segment
84

 
11

 
194

 
47

Total net revenue
$
923

 
$
749

 
$
1,636

 
$
1,361

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating income (loss) from continuing operations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Small Business segment
$
199

 
$
170

 
$
410

 
$
358

Consumer Tax segment
62

 
26

 
34

 
(10
)
Professional Tax segment
41

 
(37
)
 
113

 
(40
)
Total segment operating income
302

 
159

 
557

 
308

Unallocated corporate items:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based compensation expense
(65
)
 
(56
)
 
(132
)
 
(113
)
Other common expenses
(188
)
 
(182
)
 
(397
)
 
(373
)
Amortization of acquired technology
(6
)
 
(7
)
 
(12
)
 
(14
)
Amortization of other acquired intangible assets
(1
)
 
(3
)
 
(3
)
 
(6
)
Total unallocated corporate items
(260
)
 
(248
)
 
(544
)
 
(506
)
Total operating income (loss) from continuing operations
$
42

 
$
(89
)
 
$
13

 
$
(198
)



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11.
Subsequent Event
On February 1, 2016 we entered into a credit agreement with certain institutional lenders for a new five-year credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $1.5 billion. The credit agreement replaces our February 2012 unsecured revolving credit facility which was due to expire on February 17, 2017 and was terminated on February 1, 2016. The new credit agreement provides for a $500 million unsecured term loan and a $1 billion unsecured revolving credit facility that will expire on February 1, 2021. We may, subject to certain customary conditions, on one or more occasions increase commitments under the credit facility in an amount not to exceed $750 million in the aggregate and may extend the maturity date of the unsecured revolving credit facility up to two times. Advances under the unsecured revolving credit facility accrue interest at rates that are equal to, at our election, either Bank of America's alternate base rate plus a margin that ranges from 0.0% to 0.5% or the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus a margin that ranges from 0.9% to 1.5%. The unsecured term loan accrues interest at rates that are equal to, at our election, either Bank of America's alternate base rate plus a margin that ranges from 0.125% to 0.875% or LIBOR plus a margin that ranges from 1.125% to 1.875%. Actual margins under all of these elections are based on our senior debt credit ratings. The credit agreement includes customary affirmative and negative covenants, including financial covenants that require us to maintain a ratio of total debt to annual earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) of not greater than 3.25 to 1.00 as of any date and a ratio of annual EBITDA to annual interest expense of not less than 3.00 to 1.00 as of the last day of each fiscal quarter. The unsecured term loan is subject to quarterly principal payments of 2.5% of the loan amount beginning in July 2017, with the balance payable on the maturity date. On February 1, 2016 we borrowed $250 million on the unsecured revolving credit facility.



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ITEM 2
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Our Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) includes the following sections:
•
Executive Overview that discusses at a high level our operating results and some of the trends that affect our business.
•
Significant changes since our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K in the Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates that we believe are important to understanding the assumptions and judgments underlying our financial statements.
•
Results of Operations that includes a more detailed discussion of our revenue and expenses.
•
Liquidity and Capital Resources which discusses key aspects of our statements of cash flows, changes in our balance sheets, and our financial commitments.
You should note that this MD&A discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Please see Item 1A in Part II of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for important information to consider when evaluating such statements.
You should read this MD&A in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2015. In the fourth quarter fiscal 2015 we determined that our Demandforce, QuickBase, and Quicken businesses became long-lived assets held for sale. We accounted for these businesses as discontinued operations and have therefore reclassified our statements of operations and balance sheets for all periods presented to reflect them as such. Because the cash flows of these discontinued operations were not material for any period presented, we have not segregated the cash flows of those businesses on our statements of cash flows. See “Results of Operations – Discontinued Operations” later in this Item 2 for more information. Unless otherwise noted, the following discussion pertains only to our continuing operations.


Executive Overview
This overview provides a high-level discussion of our business and growth strategy as well as the trends, opportunities, challenges, and risks that affect our performance and operating results. Understanding our growth strategy and the trends that affect our business provides context for the discussion of financial results and future opportunities which follows this overview. This summary is not intended to be exhaustive, nor is it a substitute for the detailed discussion and analysis provided elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
About Intuit
Intuit creates business and financial management solutions that help simplify the business of life for small businesses, consumers, and accounting professionals. We organize our businesses into three reportable segments – Small Business, Consumer Tax, and Professional Tax.

Small Business: This segment targets small businesses and the accounting professionals who serve them and includes QuickBooks financial and business management online services and desktop software, payroll solutions, and payment processing solutions.

Consumer Tax: This segment targets consumers and includes TurboTax income tax preparation products and services.

Professional Tax: This segment targets professional accountants in the U.S. and Canada and includes Lacerte, ProSeries, ProFile, and Intuit Tax Online professional tax products and services.
Our Growth Strategy
Based on our assessment of key technology and demographic trends – an increasingly borderless world, the prevalence of mobile devices, and the scalability of the cloud – we see significant opportunities to drive future growth by continuing to solve the unmet needs of small businesses, consumers, and accounting professionals. Our evolving growth strategy includes three key elements:

•
Focus on the product – we call it “Delivering awesome product experiences.” Computing devices are moving to the palm of our hands in the form of tablets and smart phones. Our TurboTax solutions, for example, let customers prepare

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and file their entire tax returns online, via tablet, mobile phone, or desktop computer. We also believe that a key factor in growing our customer base is delivering an amazing first-use experience so our customers can get the value they expect from our offerings as quickly and easily as possible.

•
Creating network effect platforms – we call it “Enabling the contributions of others.” We expect to solve problems faster and more efficiently for our growing base of customers by moving to more open platforms with application programming interfaces that enable the contributions of end users and third-party developers. One example of this is QuickBooks Online, which allows small business customers all over the world to localize, configure, and add value to the offering.

•
Leveraging our data for our customers' benefit – we call it “Using data to create delight.” Our customers generate valuable data that we seek to appropriately use to deliver better products and breakthrough benefits by eliminating the need to enter data, helping them make better decisions and improving transactions and interactions.
Industry Trends and Seasonality
Industry Trends
The industry in which we operate is dynamic and highly competitive, and we expect it to remain so in the future. The markets for software and related services, especially highly-available connected services, are characterized by rapid technological change, shifting customer needs, and frequent new product introductions and enhancements. Competitive interest and expertise in many of the markets we serve have grown markedly over the past few years and we expect this trend to continue. There are also large, cloud-based service companies who innovate quickly and serve small businesses and consumers. While today our competition with such companies may be limited, as we and those companies grow, our competition with them may increase. In recent years the widespread availability of the Internet, the emergence of mobile devices, and the explosion of social media have accelerated the pace of change and revolutionized the way that people throughout the world manage important financial tasks. The result is a global market that is shifting from traditional services that are paper-based, human-produced, and brick-and-mortar bound, to one where people understand, demand, and embrace the benefits of connected services. This trend toward connected services is the primary driver of the strategies in all of our businesses.
Seasonality
Our Consumer Tax offerings have significant seasonal patterns. As a result, during each of the last three fiscal years the total revenue for our third quarter ended April 30 has represented nearly half of our total revenue for those years. We expect the seasonality of our Consumer Tax business to continue to have a significant impact on our quarterly financial results in the future.
Key Challenges and Risks
Our growth strategy depends upon our ability to initiate and embrace disruptive technology trends, to enter new markets, and to drive broad adoption of the products and services we develop and market. Our future growth also increasingly depends on the strength of our third-party business relationships and our ability to continue to develop, maintain and strengthen new and existing relationships. To remain competitive and continue to grow, we are investing significant resources in our product development, marketing, and sales capabilities, and we expect to continue to do so in the future.
As we continue transitioning to offer more connected services, the ongoing operation and availability of our information technology and communication systems and those of our external service providers is becoming increasingly important. Because we help customers manage their financial lives, we face risks associated with the hosting, collection, use and retention of personal customer information and data. We are investing significant management attention and resources in our information technology infrastructure and in our privacy and security capabilities, and we expect to continue to do so in the future.
During the beginning of the 2015 calendar year, state taxing authorities, the IRS, and the tax preparation industry experienced an increase in attempts by criminals using stolen identity information to file fraudulent tax returns and claim refunds at the federal level and expanding into the state level. We implemented additional security measures in our products and began working with state governments to share information regarding suspicious filings while continuing to share such information with the federal government. During the current tax season, we expect continued efforts by criminals to attempt to access our customers’ accounts and to try to use stolen identities to obtain customer information and file fraudulent federal and state tax returns. We will continue to invest in security and to work with the broader industry and government to protect our customers against this type of fraud.
For a complete discussion of the most significant risks and uncertainties affecting our business, please see “Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factors” in Item 1A of this Quarterly Report.

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Overview of Financial Results
The most important financial indicators that we use to assess our business are revenue growth for the company as a whole, for each reportable segment, and for product lines within each reportable segment; operating income growth and operating income margins for the company as a whole and for each reportable segment; earnings per share; and cash flow from operations. We also track certain non-financial drivers of revenue growth and, when material, identify them in the applicable discussions of segment results below. These non-financial drivers include, for example, customer growth and retention for all of our businesses and transaction volume for our payment processing business. Total credit and debit card transaction volume correlates strongly with the macroeconomic environment and is one of the key drivers of revenue growth in our payment processing business. Customers for our connected services offerings have generally grown faster than those for our traditional desktop software offerings, reflecting our strategic focus on connected services over the past few years. Connected services (total service and other revenue) generated $3.0 billion or 73% of our total revenue in fiscal 2015, compared with about 50% of our total revenue seven years ago. We expect connected services revenue as a percentage of our total revenue to continue to grow in the future.
Total net revenue for the first six months of fiscal 2016 was $1.6 billion, an increase of 20% compared with the same period of fiscal 2015. Revenue in our Consumer Tax segment grew 23% in the first six months of fiscal 2016 compared with the same period a year ago due to 23% growth in TurboTax Online federal units. The IRS began accepting federal income tax returns on January 19, 2016, which provided an extra weekend day in January for tax filers to process returns compared with the same period in fiscal 2015. Total net revenue growth was also affected by the changes that we made to our desktop software offerings in fiscal 2015. In fiscal 2015 we began delivering ongoing enhancements and certain connected services for our Professional Tax desktop software products and we plan to continue to provide them for all future versions of those products. Due to these changes, we recognize revenue for these offerings as services are provided through the end of each calendar year. Prior to these changes, we recognized a substantial portion of the revenue for these offerings during our third fiscal quarters ended April 30. As a result, revenue in our Professional Tax segment increased 309% to $194 million in the first six months of fiscal 2016 compared with the same period of fiscal 2015. Starting with the release of Quickbooks 2015 in the first quarter of fiscal 2015, and for all subsequent versions, we began delivering ongoing enhancements and certain connected services for our QuickBooks desktop software products. We plan to continue to provide ongoing enhancements and certain connected services for all future versions of these products. As a result of these changes, we recognize revenue for these QuickBooks desktop software products as services are provided over approximately three years. Revenue in our Small Business segment grew 6% in the first six months of fiscal 2016 compared with the same period of fiscal 2015 due to growth in QuickBooks Online and online payroll services and the impact of the changes to our QuickBooks desktop software products.
We recorded operating income from continuing operations of $13 million for the first six months of fiscal 2016 primarily due to the increase in revenue described above. Higher revenue was partially offset by higher costs and expenses, including higher spending for staffing, advertising and other marketing programs, and share-based compensation. We recorded an operating loss of $198 million for the first six months of fiscal 2015 primarily due to the impact of the changes to our desktop software offerings on fiscal 2015 revenue.
Net loss from continuing operations decreased 99% for the first six months of fiscal 2016 compared with the same period of fiscal 2015 due to the factors impacting operating income described above and a higher effective tax rate in the fiscal 2016 period. Basic and diluted net loss per share from continuing operations for the first six months of fiscal 2016 decreased 98% to $0.01, in line with the decrease in the net loss for that period.
We ended the first six months of fiscal 2016 with cash, cash equivalents and investments totaling $334 million. During the first six months of fiscal 2016 we generated cash from operations, net sales of investments, borrowings under our unsecured revolving credit facility, and the issuance of common stock under employee stock plans. During the same period we used cash for the repurchase of shares of our common stock under our stock repurchase programs, the payment of cash dividends, and capital expenditures, including the purchase of certain previously leased facilities. At January 31, 2016, we had authorization from our Board of Directors to expend up to an additional $900 million for stock repurchases through May 19, 2019.


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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
In preparing our financial statements, we make estimates, assumptions and judgments that can have a significant impact on our net revenue, operating income or loss, and net income or loss, as well as on the value of certain assets and liabilities on our balance sheet. We believe that the estimates, assumptions and judgments involved in the accounting policies described in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2015 have the greatest potential impact on our financial statements, so we consider them to be our critical accounting policies and estimates. We believe that there were no significant changes in those critical accounting policies and estimates during the first six months of fiscal 2016. Senior management has reviewed the development and selection of our critical accounting policies and estimates and their disclosure in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q with the Audit and Risk Committee of our Board of Directors.


Results of Operations
Financial Overview
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
Q2
FY16
 
Q2
FY15
 
$
Change
 
%
Change
 
YTD
Q2
FY16
 
YTD
Q2
FY15
 
$
Change
 
%
Change
Total net revenue
$
923

 
$
749

 
$
174

 
23
%
 
$
1,636

 
$
1,361

 
$
275

 
20
 %
Operating income (loss) from continuing operations
42

 
(89
)
 
131

 
NM

 
13

 
(198
)
 
211

 
NM

Net income (loss) from continuing operations
29

 
(60
)
 
89

 
NM

 
(2
)
 
(141
)
 
139

 
(99
)%
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share from continuing operations
$
0.11

 
$
(0.21
)
 
$
0.32

 
NM

 
$
(0.01
)
 
$
(0.50
)
 
$
0.49

 
(98
)%
NM = Not meaningful.
Current Fiscal Quarter
Total net revenue for the second quarter of fiscal 2016 increased $174 million or 23% compared with the same quarter of fiscal 2015. Revenue in our Consumer Tax segment increased 29% in the second quarter of fiscal 2016 due to 23% growth in TurboTax Online federal units. The IRS began accepting federal income tax returns on January 19, 2016, which provided an extra weekend day in January for tax filers to process returns compared with the same period in fiscal 2015. Total net revenue growth was also affected by the changes to our desktop software offerings described in “Executive Overview - Overview of Financial Results” above. In fiscal 2015 we began delivering ongoing enhancements and certain connected services for our Professional Tax desktop software products and we plan to continue to provide them for all future versions of those products. Due to these changes, we recognize revenue for these offerings as services are provided through the end of each calendar year. Prior to these changes, we recognized a substantial portion of the revenue for these offerings during our third fiscal quarters ended April 30. As a result, revenue in our Professional Tax segment increased 665% to $84 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2016. Revenue in our Small Business segment grew 7% in the second quarter of fiscal 2016 due growth in QuickBooks Online and online payroll services and the impact of the changes to our QuickBooks desktop software products. See “Segment Results” later in this Item 2 for more information about the results for all of our reportable segments.
We recorded operating income from continuing operations of $42 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2016 primarily due to the increase in revenue described above. Higher revenue was partially offset by higher costs and expenses, including higher spending for advertising and other marketing programs and share-based compensation. We recorded an operating loss from continuing operations of $89 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2015 primarily due to the impact of the changes to our desktop software offerings on fiscal 2015 revenue. See “Operating Expenses” later in this Item 2 for more information.
We recorded net income from continuing operations of $29 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2016 due to the operating income described above. We recorded a net loss from continuing operations of $60 million for the same quarter of fiscal 2015 due to the operating loss described above. Diluted net income per share from continuing operations for the second quarter of fiscal 2016 was $0.11, compared with basic and diluted net loss per share from continuing operations of $0.21 for the same quarter of fiscal 2015.

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Fiscal Year to Date
Total net revenue for the first six months of fiscal 2016 increased $275 million or 20% compared with the same period of fiscal 2015. Revenue in our Consumer Tax segment grew 23% in the first six months of fiscal 2016 compared with the same period a year ago due to 23% growth in TurboTax Online federal units. The IRS began accepting federal income tax returns on January 19, 2016, which provided an extra weekend day in January for tax filers to process returns compared with the same period in fiscal 2015. Total net revenue growth was also affected by the changes to our desktop software offerings described in “Executive Overview - Overview of Financial Results” above. In fiscal 2015 we began delivering ongoing enhancements and certain connected services for our Professional Tax desktop software products and we plan to continue to provide them for all future versions of those products. Due to these changes, we recognize revenue for these offerings as services are provided through the end of each calendar year. Prior to these changes, we recognized a substantial portion of the revenue for these offerings during our third fiscal quarters ended April 30. As a result, revenue in our Professional Tax segment increased 309% to $194 million in the first six months of fiscal 2016. Revenue in our Small Business segment grew 6% in the first six months of fiscal 2016 due to growth in QuickBooks Online and online payroll services and the impact of the changes to our QuickBooks desktop software products. See “Segment Results” later in this Item 2 for more information about the results for all of our reportable segments.
We recorded operating income from continuing operations of $13 million for the first six months of fiscal 2016 primarily due to the increase in revenue described above. Higher revenue was partially offset by higher costs and expenses, including higher spending for staffing, advertising and other marketing programs, and share-based compensation. We recorded an operating loss from continuing operations of $198 million for the same period of fiscal 2015 primarily due to the impact of the changes to our desktop software offerings on fiscal 2015 revenue. See “Operating Expenses” later in this Item 2 for more information.
Net loss from continuing operations decreased 99% for the first six months of fiscal 2016 compared with the same period of fiscal 2015 due to the factors impacting operating income described above and a higher effective tax rate in the fiscal 2016 period. Basic and diluted net loss per share from continuing operations for the first six months of fiscal 2016 decreased 98% to $0.01, in line with the decrease in the net loss for that period.
Segment Results
The information below is organized in accordance with our three reportable segments. See “Executive Overview – About Intuit” earlier in this Item 2 and Note 10 to the financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for more information. All of our segments operate primarily in the United States and sell primarily to customers in the United States. International total net revenue was less than 5% of consolidated total net revenue for all periods presented.
Segment operating income or loss is segment net revenue less segment cost of revenue and operating expenses. See “Executive Overview – Industry Trends and Seasonality” earlier in this Item 2 for a description of the seasonality of our business. Segment expenses do not include certain costs, such as corporate selling and marketing, product development, and general and administrative expenses and share-based compensation expenses, which are not allocated to specific segments. These unallocated costs totaled $529 million in the first six months of fiscal 2016 and $486 million in the first six months of fiscal 2015. Unallocated costs increased in the fiscal 2016 period due to increases in corporate product development and selling and marketing expenses in support of the growth of our businesses and to higher share-based compensation expenses. Segment expenses also do not include amortization of acquired technology, amortization of other acquired intangible assets, and goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges. See Note 10 to the financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for reconciliations of total segment operating income or loss to consolidated operating income or loss for each fiscal period presented.
We calculate revenue growth rates and segment operating margin figures using dollars in thousands. Those results may vary slightly from figures calculated using the dollars in millions presented below.

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Small Business
(Dollars in millions)
Q2
FY16
 
Q2
FY15
 
%
Change
 
YTD
Q2
FY16
 
YTD
Q2
FY15
 
%
Change
Product revenue
$
178

 
$
180

 
(1
)%
 
$
344

 
$
367

 
(6
)%
Service and other revenue
386

 
345

 
12
 %
 
766

 
677

 
13
 %
Total segment revenue
$
564

 
$
525

 
7
 %
 
$
1,110

 
$
1,044

 
6
 %
% of total revenue
61
%
 
70
%
 
 
 
68
%
 
77
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Segment operating income
$
199

 
$
170

 
18
 %
 
$
410

 
$
358

 
15
 %
% of related revenue
35
%
 
32
%
 
 
 
37
%
 
34
%
 
 
Product revenue in our Small Business segment is derived primarily from QuickBooks desktop software products, including QuickBooks Pro, QuickBooks Premier, QuickBooks Accountant, and QuickBooks Enterprise Solutions; QuickBooks Basic Payroll and QuickBooks Enhanced Payroll; QuickBooks Point of Sale solutions; ProAdvisor Program subscriptions for the accounting professionals who serve small businesses; and financial supplies. Service and other revenue in our Small Business segment is derived primarily from QuickBooks Online, our hosted financial and business management offerings; QuickBooks Pro Plus, QuickBooks Premier Plus, and QuickBooks Accountant Plus, our subscription offerings; QuickBooks technical support plans; small business payroll services, including Quickbooks Online Payroll, Intuit Online Payroll, Intuit Full Service Payroll, and QuickBooks Assisted Payroll; and payment processing services for small businesses.
Small Business segment total net revenue increased $39 million or 7% in the second quarter of fiscal 2016 compared with the same quarter of fiscal 2015. Small Business segment revenue growth was affected by the changes to our QuickBooks desktop offerings described in “Executive Overview - Overview of Financial Results” above. Small Business Online Ecosystem revenue grew 23%, driven by customer acquisition. QuickBooks Online subscribers grew 49% and online payroll customers grew 17%. Active online payments customers grew 5% and online payments charge volume grew 17%. In our Small Business Desktop Ecosystem revenue increased 3%. QuickBooks desktop revenue increased due to the impact of the changes to our QuickBooks desktop offerings. QuickBooks Enterprise Solutions revenue grew 24%. Desktop payments revenue decreased 14% during the second quarter of fiscal 2016 as we focused resources on core offerings for QuickBooks merchants and deemphasized certain non-QuickBooks payments offerings.
Small Business segment total net revenue increased $66 million or 6% in the first six months of fiscal 2016 compared with the same period of fiscal 2015. Small Business segment revenue growth was affected by the changes to our QuickBooks desktop offerings described in “Executive Overview - Overview of Financial Results” above. Small Business Online Ecosystem revenue grew 25%, driven by customer acquisition. QuickBooks Online subscribers grew 49% and online payroll customers grew 17%. Active online payments customers grew 5% and online payments charge volume grew 15%. In our Small Business Desktop Ecosystem revenue increased 1%. QuickBooks desktop revenue increased due to the impact of the changes to our QuickBooks desktop offerings. QuickBooks Enterprise Solutions revenue grew 27%. Desktop payments revenue decreased 12% during the first six months of fiscal 2016 as we focused resources on core offerings for QuickBooks merchants and deemphasized certain non-QuickBooks payments offerings.
Small Business segment operating income as a percentage of related revenue increased in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal 2016 compared with the same periods of fiscal 2015. These increases were due to the higher revenue described above and relatively stable spending during the fiscal 2016 periods.

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Consumer Tax
(Dollars in millions)
Q2
FY16
 
Q2
FY15
 
%
Change
 
YTD
Q2
FY16
 
YTD
Q2
FY15
 
%
Change
Product revenue
$
13

 
$
6

 
133
%
 
$
23

 
$
17

 
39
%
Service and other revenue
262

 
207

 
27
%
 
309

 
253

 
22
%
Total segment revenue
$
275

 
$
213

 
29
%
 
$
332

 
$
270

 
23
%
% of total revenue
30
%
 
28
%
 
 
 
20
%
 
20
 %
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Segment operating income (loss)
$
62

 
$
26

 
130
%
 
$
34

 
$
(10
)
 
NM

% of related revenue
22
%
 
13
%
 
 
 
10
%
 
(4
)%
 
 
NM = Not meaningful.
Consumer Tax segment product revenue is derived primarily from TurboTax desktop tax return preparation software. Consumer Tax segment service and other revenue is derived primarily from TurboTax Online tax return preparation services and electronic tax filing services. Due to the seasonal nature of our Consumer Tax business, we will not have substantially complete results for the 2015 tax season until the third quarter of fiscal 2016.
Consumer Tax segment total revenue increased $62 million or 23% in the first six months of fiscal 2016 compared with the same period of fiscal 2015 due to 23% growth in TurboTax Online federal units. The IRS began accepting federal income tax returns on January 19, 2016, which provided an extra weekend day in January for tax filers to process returns compared with the same period in fiscal 2015.
We recorded operating income of $34 million in our Consumer Tax segment for the first six months of fiscal 2016 due to the increase in revenue described above partially offset by higher expenses for staffing and advertising and other marketing programs. We recorded a seasonal operating loss of $10 million in our Consumer Tax segment for the same period of fiscal 2015.
Professional Tax
(Dollars in millions)
Q2
FY16
 
Q2
FY15
 
%
Change
 
YTD
Q2
FY16
 
YTD
Q2
FY15
 
%
Change
Product revenue
$
73

 
$
9

 
683
%
 
$
168

 
$
39

 
323
%
Service and other revenue
11

 
2

 
563
%
 
26

 
8

 
238
%
Total segment revenue
$
84

 
$
11

 
665
%
 
$
194

 
$
47

 
309
%
% of total revenue
9
%
 
2
 %
 
 
 
12
%
 
3
 %
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Segment operating income (loss)
$
41

 
$
(37
)
 
NM

 
$
113

 
$
(40
)
 
NM

% of related revenue
48
%
 
(346
)%
 
 
 
58
%
 
(86
)%
 
 
NM = Not meaningful.
Professional Tax segment product revenue is derived primarily from Lacerte, ProSeries, and ProFile desktop tax preparation software products. Professional Tax segment service and other revenue is derived primarily from Intuit Tax Online tax return preparation, bank products, and related services that complement the tax return preparation process. Due to the seasonal nature of our Professional Tax business, we will not have substantially complete results for the 2015 tax season until the third quarter of fiscal 2016.
Professional Tax total net revenue increased $147 million or 309% in the first six months of fiscal 2016 compared with the same period of fiscal 2015 because of the changes to our desktop software offerings described in “Executive Overview - Overview of Financial Results” above. In fiscal 2015 we began delivering ongoing enhancements and certain connected services for our Professional Tax desktop software products and we plan to continue to provide them for all future versions of those products. As a result of these changes, we recognize revenue for these offerings as services are provided through the end of each calendar year. Prior to these changes, we recognized a substantial portion of the revenue for these offerings during our third fiscal quarters ended April 30.

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We recorded operating income of $113 million in our Professional Tax segment for the first six months of fiscal 2016 due to the increase in revenue described above and relatively stable spending during the fiscal 2016 period. We recorded a seasonal operating loss of $40 million in our Professional Tax segment for the same period of fiscal 2015.
Cost of Revenue
(Dollars in millions)
Q2
FY16
 
% of
Related
Revenue
 
Q2
FY15
 
% of
Related
Revenue
 
YTD
Q2
FY16
 
% of
Related
Revenue
 
YTD
Q2
FY15
 
% of
Related
Revenue
Cost of product revenue
$
40

 
15
%
 
$
42

 
22
%
 
$
69

 
13
%
 
$
75

 
18
%
Cost of service and other revenue
153

 
23
%
 
139

 
25
%
 
284

 
26
%
 
258

 
28
%
Amortization of acquired technology
6

 
n/a

 
7

 
n/a

 
12

 
n/a

 
14

 
n/a

Total cost of revenue
$
199

 
22
%
 
$
188

 
25
%
 
$
365

 
22
%
 
$
347

 
25
%
Cost of product revenue as a percentage of product revenue decreased in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal 2016 compared with the same periods of fiscal 2015 due to the changes to our Professional Tax and QuickBooks desktop software products described in “Executive Overview - Overview of Financial Results” earlier in this Item 2. We expense costs of product revenue as they are incurred for delivered software and we do not defer any of these costs when product revenue is deferred. Cost of service and other revenue as a percentage of service and other revenue decreased in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal 2016 compared with the same periods of fiscal 2015 due to growth in connected service offerings such as Turbotax Online and QuickBooks Online. Online revenues have relatively lower costs of revenue compared with our other service offerings.
Operating Expenses
(Dollars in millions)
Q2
FY16
 
% of
Total
Net
Revenue
 
Q2
FY15
 
% of
Total
Net
Revenue
 
YTD
Q2
FY16
 
% of
Total
Net
Revenue
 
YTD
Q2
FY15
 
% of
Total
Net
Revenue
Selling and marketing
$
356

 
39
%
 
$
344

 
46
%
 
$
600

 
37
%
 
$
595

 
44
%
Research and development
205

 
22
%
 
188

 
25
%
 
418

 
26
%
 
377

 
28
%
General and administrative
120

 
13
%
 
115

 
16
%
 
237

 
14
%
 
234

 
17
%
Amortization of other acquired intangible assets
1

 
—
%
 
3

 
—
%
 
3

 
—
%
 
6

 
—
%
Total operating expenses
$
682

 
74
%
 
$
650

 
87
%
 
$
1,258

 
77
%
 
$
1,212

 
89
%
Current Fiscal Quarter
Total operating expenses as a percentage of total net revenue decreased to 74% in the second quarter of fiscal 2016 from 87% in the same quarter of fiscal 2015. Total net revenue for the second quarter of fiscal 2016 increased $174 million or 23% and total operating expenses for that quarter increased $32 million. Total net revenue growth was affected by the changes to our desktop software offerings described in “Executive Overview - Overview of Financial Results” earlier in this Item 2. Operating expenses increased about $16 million for advertising and other marketing programs and about $8 million for share-based compensation expenses. Share-based compensation expenses were higher in the fiscal 2016 quarter due to our assumption of certain equity awards in connection with business combinations. Share-based compensation expenses have also been increasing over time because the market price of our common stock has generally been increasing.
Fiscal Year to Date
Total operating expenses as a percentage of total net revenue decreased to 77% in the first six months of fiscal 2016 from 89% in the same period of fiscal 2015. Total net revenue for the first six months of fiscal 2016 increased $275 million or 20% and total operating expenses for that period increased $46 million. Total net revenue growth was affected by the changes to our

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desktop software offerings described in “Executive Overview - Overview of Financial Results” earlier in this Item 2. Staffing expenses increased about $13 million due to higher headcount. Operating expenses also increased about $8 million for advertising and other marketing programs and about $17 million for share-based compensation expenses. Share-based compensation expenses increased due to our assumption of certain equity awards in connection with business combinations. Share-based compensation expenses have also been increasing over time because the market price of our common stock has generally been increasing.
Non-Operating Income and Expenses
Interest Expense
Interest expense of $16 million for the first six months of fiscal 2016 consisted primarily of interest on our senior notes and the outstanding balance on our unsecured revolving credit facility. Interest expense of $14 million for the first six months of fiscal 2015 consisted primarily of interest on our senior notes. See Note 5 and Note 6 to the financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for more information.
Interest and Other Income, Net
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
(In millions)
January 31,
2016
 
January 31,
2015
 
January 31,
2016
 
January 31,
2015
Interest income
$
—

 
$
2

 
$
—

 
$
4

Net gain (loss) on executive deferred compensation plan assets
(4
)
 
—

 
(6
)
 
1

Other
(1
)
 
—

 
(3
)
 
(3
)
Total interest and other income (expense), net
$
(5
)
 
$
2

 
$
(9
)
 
$
2

Interest income in the second quarter and first six months of fiscal 2016 was lower compared with the same periods of fiscal 2015 due to lower average invested balances and lower average interest rates. In accordance with authoritative guidance, we record gains and losses associated with executive deferred compensation plan assets in interest and other income and gains and losses associated with the related liabilities in operating expenses. The total amounts recorded in operating expenses for each period are approximately equal to the total amounts recorded in interest and other income in those periods.
Income Taxes
In the second quarter of fiscal 2016, we elected to early adopt ASU 2015-17, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes,” on a prospective basis. This new standard requires all deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any related valuation allowance, to be classified as noncurrent on the balance sheet. Prior periods were not adjusted.
We compute our provision for or benefit from income taxes by applying the estimated annual effective tax rate to income or loss from recurring operations and adding the effects of any discrete income tax items specific to the period.
In December 2015 the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 was signed into law. The Act includes a permanent reinstatement of the federal research and experimentation that was retroactive to January 1, 2015. We recorded a discrete tax benefit of approximately $12 million for the retroactive effect during the second quarter of fiscal 2016.
We recorded a $1 million tax benefit on income of $28 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2016. Our effective tax rate for the first six months of fiscal 2016 was approximately 87%. Excluding discrete tax items primarily related to the permanent reinstatement of the federal research and experimentation credit, as well as including the effects of losses in certain jurisdictions where we do not recognize a tax benefit, our effective tax rate for those periods was approximately 35% and did not differ significantly from the federal statutory rate of 35%.
Our effective tax rates for the second quarter and first six months of fiscal 2015 were approximately 37% and 33%. Excluding discrete tax items primarily related to the reinstatement of the federal research and experimentation credit, as well as including the effects of losses in certain jurisdictions where we do not recognize a tax benefit, our effective tax rate for those periods was approximately 36% and did not differ significantly from the federal statutory rate of 35%. See Note 7 to the financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for more information.

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Discontinued Operations
In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015 we determined that our Demandforce, QuickBase, and Quicken businesses became long-lived assets held for sale and we classified them as discontinued operations. See Note 4 to the financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for more information.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview
At January 31, 2016, our cash, cash equivalents and investments totaled $334 million, a decrease of $1.4 billion from July 31, 2015 due to the factors discussed under “Statements of Cash Flows” below. Our primary sources of liquidity have been cash from operations, which entails the collection of accounts receivable for products and services, and borrowings under our unsecured revolving credit facility. Our primary uses of cash have been for research and development programs, selling and marketing activities, capital projects, acquisitions of businesses, debt service costs, repurchases of our common stock under our stock repurchase programs, and the payment of cash dividends. As discussed in “Executive Overview – Industry Trends and Seasonality” earlier in this Item 2, our business is subject to significant seasonality. The balance of our cash, cash equivalents, and investments generally fluctuates with that seasonal pattern. We believe the seasonality of our business is likely to continue in the future.
The following table summarizes selected measures of our liquidity and capital resources at the dates indicated:
(Dollars in millions)
January 31,
2016
 
July 31,
2015
 
$
Change
 
%
Change
Cash, cash equivalents, and investments
$
334

 
$
1,697

 
$
(1,363
)
 
(80
)%
Long-term investments
28

 
27

 
1

 
4
 %
Short-term debt
245

 
—

 
245

 
NM

Long-term debt
1,000

 
500

 
500

 
100
 %
Working capital (deficit)
(882
)
 
816

 
(1,698
)
 
NM

Ratio of current assets to current liabilities
0.6 : 1

 
1.5 : 1

 
 
 
 
NM = Not meaningful.
We have historically generated significant cash from operations and we expect to continue to do so during the balance of fiscal 2016. Approximately 51% of our cash, cash equivalents and investments at January 31, 2016 were located in the U.S. and none of those funds were restricted. Our unsecured revolving credit facility is available to us for general corporate purposes, including future acquisitions and stock repurchases. As of January 31, 2016, there was $745 million in outstanding borrowings on this credit facility, of which $245 million was considered short term and $500 million was considered long term. See Note 5, Note 6, and Note 11 to the financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for more information.
We evaluate, on an ongoing basis, the merits of acquiring technology or businesses, or establishing strategic relationships with and investing in other companies. Our strong liquidity profile enables us to respond nimbly to these types of opportunities.
Based on past performance and current expectations, we believe that our cash and cash equivalents, investments, and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to meet anticipated seasonal working capital needs, capital expenditure requirements, contractual obligations, commitments, debt service requirements, and other liquidity requirements associated with our operations for at least the next 12 months. We expect to return excess cash generated by operations to our stockholders through repurchases of our common stock and payment of cash dividends, after taking into account our operating and strategic cash needs.

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Statements of Cash Flows
The following table summarizes selected items from our statements of cash flows for the first six months of fiscal 2016 and fiscal 2015. See the financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for complete statements of cash flows for those periods.
 
Six Months Ended
(Dollars in millions)
January 31,
2016
 
January 31,
2015
 
$
Change
Net cash provided by (used in):
 
 
 
 
 
Operating activities
$
109

 
$
247

 
$
(138
)
Investing activities
493

 
(35
)
 
528

Financing activities
(1,065
)
 
(558
)
 
(507
)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
(11
)
 
(21
)
 
10

Total decrease in cash and cash equivalents
$
(474
)
 
$
(367
)
 
$
(107
)
During the first six months of fiscal 2016 we generated cash from operations, net sales of investments, borrowings under our unsecured revolving credit facility, and the issuance of common stock under employee stock plans. During the same period we used cash for the repurchase of shares of our common stock under our stock repurchase programs, the payment of cash dividends, and capital expenditures, including the purchase of certain previously leased facilities. See Note 6 to the financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for more information on the purchase of these facilities.
During the first six months of fiscal 2015 we generated cash from operations, net sales of investments, and the issuance of common stock under employee stock plans. During the same period we used cash for the repurchase of shares of our common stock under our stock repurchase programs, the payment of cash dividends, and capital expenditures.
Stock Repurchase Programs, Treasury Shares, and Dividends on Common Stock
As described in Note 8 to the financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report, during the first six months of fiscal 2016 we continued to repurchase shares of our common stock under repurchase programs that our Board of Directors has authorized. At January 31, 2016, we had authorization from our Board of Directors to expend up to an additional $900 million for stock repurchases through May 19, 2019. We currently expect to continue repurchasing our common stock on a quarterly basis; however, future stock repurchases under the current program are at the discretion of management, and authorization of future stock repurchase programs is subject to the final determination of our Board of Directors.
In the past we have satisfied option exercises and restricted stock unit vesting under our employee equity incentive plans by reissuing treasury shares, and we may do so again in the future. During the second quarter of fiscal 2014 we began issuing new shares of common stock to satisfy option exercises and RSU vesting under our 2005 Equity Incentive Plan. We have not yet determined the ultimate disposition of the shares that we have repurchased in the past, and consequently we continue to hold them as treasury shares.
During the first six months of fiscal 2016 we also continued to pay quarterly cash dividends on shares of our outstanding common stock. In February 2016 our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.30 per share of outstanding common stock payable on April 18, 2016 to stockholders of record at the close of business on April 11, 2016. We currently expect to continue paying comparable cash dividends on a quarterly basis; however, future declarations of dividends and the establishment of future record dates and payment dates are subject to the final determination of our Board of Directors.
Credit Facilities
On February 17, 2012 we entered into an agreement with certain institutional lenders for a $500 million unsecured revolving credit facility that was to expire on February 17, 2017. We had the option, subject to certain customary conditions, on one or more occasions increase commitments under the facility in an amount not to exceed $250 million in the aggregate. See Note 5 to the financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for a description of the key terms of this agreement, including the covenants. We remained in compliance with those covenants at all times during the quarter ended January 31, 2016. We may use amounts borrowed under this credit facility for general corporate purposes, including future acquisitions. We monitor counterparty risk associated with the institutional lenders that are providing the credit facility. As of January 31, 2016, there was $745 million in outstanding borrowings on this credit facility.
On February 1, 2016 we entered into a credit agreement with certain institutional lenders for a new five-year credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $1.5 billion. The credit agreement replaces our February 2012 unsecured revolving credit

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facility which was due to expire on February 17, 2017 and was terminated on February 1, 2016. The new credit agreement provides for a $500 million unsecured term loan and a $1 billion unsecured revolving credit facility that will expire on February 1, 2021. We may, subject to certain customary conditions, on one or more occasions increase commitments under the credit facility in an amount not to exceed $750 million in the aggregate and may extend the maturity date of the unsecured revolving credit facility up to two times. Advances under the unsecured revolving credit facility accrue interest at rates that are equal to, at our election, either Bank of America's alternate base rate plus a margin that ranges from 0.0% to 0.5% or the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus a margin that ranges from 0.9% to 1.5%. The unsecured term loan accrues interest at rates that are equal to, at our election, either Bank of America's alternate base rate plus a margin that ranges from 0.125% to 0.875% or LIBOR plus a margin that ranges from 1.125% to 1.875%. Actual margins under all of these elections are based on our senior debt credit ratings. The credit agreement includes customary affirmative and negative covenants, including financial covenants that require us to maintain a ratio of total debt to annual earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) of not greater than 3.25 to 1.00 as of any date and a ratio of annual EBITDA to annual interest expense of not less than 3.00 to 1.00 as of the last day of each fiscal quarter. The unsecured term loan is subject to quarterly principal payments of 2.5% of the loan amount beginning in July 2017, with the balance payable on the maturity date. On February 1, 2016 we borrowed $250 million on the unsecured revolving credit facility.
Cash Held by Foreign Subsidiaries
Our cash, cash equivalents, and investments totaled $334 million at January 31, 2016. Of this amount, approximately 49% was held by our foreign subsidiaries and subject to repatriation tax considerations. These foreign funds were located primarily in Canada, India, and the United Kingdom. We intend to permanently reinvest a significant portion of our earnings from foreign operations, and we currently do not anticipate that we will need funds generated from foreign operations to fund our domestic operations. In the event that funds from foreign operations are needed to fund operations in the United States, if U.S. taxes have not been previously provided on the related earnings we would provide for and pay additional U.S. taxes at the time we change our intention with regard to the reinvestment of those earnings.


Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
At January 31, 2016, we did not have any significant off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation S-K.


Contractual Obligations
We presented our contractual obligations at July 31, 2015 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year then ended. In January 2016 we completed the purchase of certain leased facilities for $262 million in cash. The lease was scheduled to expire in July 2017 and the remaining operating lease commitment was not significant. During the first six months of fiscal 2016 we also borrowed $745 million on our unsecured revolving credit facility. As of January 31, 2016, $245 million of that balance was considered short term and $500 million was considered long term. See Note 5 and Note 6 to the financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report and “Credit Facilities” above for more information. There were no other significant changes to our contractual obligations during the first six months of fiscal 2016.

 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
For a description of recent accounting pronouncements, if any, and the potential impact of these pronouncements on our consolidated financial statements, see Note 1 to the financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.


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ITEM 3
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Investment Risk
We actively monitor market conditions and developments specific to the securities in which we invest. We believe that we take a conservative approach to investing our funds in that we invest only in highly-rated securities and diversify our portfolio of investments. While we believe we take prudent measures to mitigate investment related risks, such risks cannot be fully eliminated because of market circumstances that are outside our control.
Our investments consist of instruments that meet quality standards that are consistent with our investment policy. This policy specifies that, except for direct obligations of the United States government, securities issued by agencies of the United States government, and money market funds, we diversify our investments by limiting our holdings with any individual issuer. We do not hold derivative financial instruments or European sovereign debt in our portfolio of investments. See Note 3 to the financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for a summary of the cost and fair value of our investments by type of issue.
Interest Rate Risk
Our cash equivalents and investments are subject to market risk due to changes in interest rates. Interest rate movements affect the interest income we earn on cash equivalents and investments and the fair value of those investments. If the Federal Reserve Target Rate had increased by 25 basis points from the level of January 31, 2016, the value of our investments at that date would have decreased by less than $1 million. If the Federal Reserve Target Rate had increased by 100 basis points from the level of January 31, 2016, the value of our investments at that date would have decreased by approximately $1.8 million.
We are also exposed to the impact of changes in interest rates as they affect our unsecured revolving credit facility. Advances under the credit facility accrue interest at rates that are equal to JP Morgan's alternate base rate plus a margin that ranges from 0.0% to 0.5% or the London InterBank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus a margin that ranges from 0.9% to 1.5%, in both cases based on our senior debt credit ratings. Consequently, our interest expense fluctuates with changes in the general level of these interest rates. At January 31, 2016, $745 million was outstanding under the credit facility.
On March 12, 2007 we issued $500 million of 5.75% senior unsecured notes due on March 15, 2017. We carry the senior notes at face value less unamortized discount on our balance sheets. Since these senior notes bear interest at fixed rates, we have no financial statement risk associated with changes in interest rates. However, the fair value of this debt fluctuates when interest rates change. See Note 6 to the financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for more information.
Impact of Foreign Currency Rate Changes
The functional currencies of our international operating subsidiaries are generally the local currencies. We translate the assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiaries at the exchange rates in effect on the balance sheet date. We translate their revenue, costs and expenses at the average rates of exchange in effect during the period. We include translation gains and losses in the stockholders’ equity section of our balance sheets. We include net gains and losses resulting from foreign exchange transactions in interest and other income in our statements of operations.
Since we translate foreign currencies (primarily Canadian dollars, Indian rupees, and British pounds) into U.S. dollars for financial reporting purposes, currency fluctuations can have an impact on our financial results. The historical impact of currency fluctuations on our financial results has generally been immaterial. We believe that our exposure to currency exchange fluctuation risk is not significant primarily because our global subsidiaries invoice customers and satisfy their financial obligations almost exclusively in their local currencies. Although the impact of currency fluctuations on our financial results has generally been immaterial in the past and we believe that for the reasons cited above currency fluctuations will not be significant in the future, the impact of currency fluctuations could be material in the future. As of January 31, 2016, we did not engage in foreign currency hedging activities.


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ITEM 4
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Based upon an evaluation of the effectiveness of disclosure controls and procedures, Intuit’s Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO) have concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our disclosure controls and procedures as defined under Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the Securities and Exchange Commission and is accumulated and communicated to management, including the CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During our most recent fiscal quarter, there has not occurred any change in our internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, believes that our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and that they are effective at the reasonable assurance level. However, no matter how well conceived and executed, a control system can provide only reasonable and not absolute assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. The design of any control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. There are also limitations that are inherent in any control system. These limitations include the realities that breakdowns can occur because of errors in judgment or mistakes, and that controls can be circumvented by individual persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. Because of these inherent limitations in a cost effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.


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PART II
ITEM 1
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
None.


ITEM 1A
RISK FACTORS

Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factors
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. All statements in this report, other than statements that are purely historical, are forward-looking statements. Words such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “forecast,” “estimate,” “seek,” and similar expressions also identify forward-looking statements. In this report, forward-looking statements include, without limitation, the following:
•
our expectations and beliefs regarding future conduct and growth of the business;
•
our beliefs and expectations regarding seasonality, competition and other trends that affect our business;
•
our expectation that we will solve problems faster and more efficiently for our growing base of customers by moving to more open platforms with application programming interfaces that enable the contributions of end users and third-party developers;
•
our expectation that we will expand our third party technology relationships and strategic partnerships as we continue to pursue our connected services strategy and expand our mobile and global offerings;
•
our expectation that we will continue to invest significant resources in our product development, marketing and sales capabilities;
•
our expectation that we will continue to invest significant management attention and resources in our information technology infrastructure and in our privacy and security capabilities;
•
our expectation that we will work with the broader industry and government to protect our customers from fraud;
•
our expectation that we will be able to protect our customers’ data and prevent third parties from using stolen customer information to perpetrate fraud in our tax and other offerings;
•
our belief that our recent financial performance has not been materially adversely affected by fraudulent activity or the actions we have taken to combat it;
•
our expectation that we will generate significant cash from operations;
•
our expectation that connected services revenue as a percentage of our total revenue will continue to grow;
•
our expectations regarding the development of future products, services, business models and technology platforms and our research and development efforts;
•
the assumptions underlying our critical accounting policies and estimates, including our estimates regarding product rebate and return reserves; the collectability of accounts receivable; stock volatility and other assumptions used to estimate the fair value of share-based compensation; the fair value of goodwill; and expected future amortization of acquired intangible assets;
•
our belief that the investments we hold are not other-than-temporarily impaired;
•
our belief that we take prudent measures to mitigate investment related risks;
•
our belief that our exposure to currency exchange fluctuation risk will not be significant in the future;
•
our assessments and estimates that determine our effective tax rate;
•
our belief that our income tax valuation allowance is sufficient;
•
our belief that it is not reasonably possible that there will be a significant increase or decrease in our unrecognized tax benefits over the next 12 months;
•
our intent to permanently reinvest a significant portion of our earnings from foreign operations, and our belief that we will not need funds generated from foreign operations to fund our domestic operations;

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•
our belief that our cash and cash equivalents, investments and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to meet our seasonal working capital needs, capital expenditure requirements, contractual obligations, debt service requirements and other liquidity requirements associated with our operations for at least the next 12 months;
•
our belief that our facilities are suitable and adequate for our near-term needs and that we will be able to locate additional facilities as needed;
•
our expectation that we will return excess cash generated by operations to our stockholders through repurchases of our common stock and the payment of cash dividends;
•
our assessments and beliefs regarding the future outcome of pending legal proceedings and inquiries by regulatory authorities, the liability, if any, that Intuit may incur as a result of those proceedings and inquiries, and the impact of any potential losses associated with such proceedings or inquiries on our financial statements.

We caution investors that forward-looking statements are only predictions based on our current expectations about future events and are not guarantees of future performance. We encourage you to read carefully all information provided in this Quarterly Report and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission before deciding to invest in our stock or to maintain or change your investment. These forward-looking statements are based on information as of the filing date of this Quarterly Report, and we undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statement for any reason.
Because forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, there are important factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements. These factors include the following:
We face intense competitive pressures that may harm our operating results.
We face intense competition in all of our businesses, and we expect competition to remain intense in the future. Our competitors and potential competitors range from large and established entities to emerging start-ups. Our competitors may introduce superior products and services, reduce prices, have greater technical, marketing and other resources, have greater name recognition, have larger installed bases of customers, have well-established relationships with our current and potential customers, advertise aggressively or beat us to market with new products and services. In addition, we may face competition from existing companies, with large established consumer user-bases and broad-based platforms, who may change or expand the focus of their business strategies and marketing to target our customers, including small businesses and tax customers. We also face intensified competition from providers of free accounting, tax, payments, and other financial services. In order to compete, we have also introduced free offerings in several categories, but we may not be able to attract customers or effectively monetize all of these offerings, and customers who have formerly paid for Intuit’s products and services may elect to use free offerings instead. These competitive factors may diminish our revenue and profitability and harm our ability to acquire and retain customers.
Our consumer tax business also faces significant competition from the public sector, where we face the risk of federal and state taxing authorities developing software or other systems to facilitate tax return preparation and electronic filing at no charge to taxpayers. These or similar programs may be introduced or expanded in the future, which may cause us to lose customers and revenue. Although the Free File Alliance has kept the federal government from being a direct competitor to Intuit’s tax offerings, it has fostered additional online competition and may cause us to lose significant revenue opportunities. The current agreement with the Free File Alliance is scheduled to expire in October 2020. We anticipate that governmental encroachment at both the federal and state levels may present a continued competitive threat to our business for the foreseeable future.
Future revenue growth depends upon our ability to adapt to technological change and successfully introduce new and enhanced products, services and business models.
The software as a service, desktop software and mobile technology industries are characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards and frequent new product introductions. As we continue to grow our software as a service, mobile and other offerings, we must continue to innovate and develop new products and features to meet changing customer needs and attract and retain talented software developers. We need to continue to develop our skills, tools and capabilities to capitalize on existing and emerging technologies, which require us to devote significant resources.
A number of our businesses also derive a significant amount of their sales from one-time upfront license fees and rely on customer upgrades and service offerings to generate a significant portion of their revenues. In addition, our consumer and professional tax businesses depend significantly on revenue from customers who return each year to use our updated tax preparation and filing software and services. As our existing products mature, encouraging customers to purchase product upgrades becomes more challenging unless new product releases provide features and functionality that have meaningful incremental value. If we are not able to develop and clearly demonstrate the value of new or upgraded products or services to our customers, our revenues may be harmed. In addition, as we continue to introduce and expand our new business models,

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including offerings that are subscription-based or that are free to end users, we may be unsuccessful in monetizing or increasing customer adoption of these offerings.
The number of people who access products and services through devices other than personal computers, including mobile phones, smartphones, and handheld computers such as tablets, continues to increase. We have devoted significant resources to develop products and services for users of these alternative devices, but the versions of our products and services developed for these devices may not be compelling to users. Even if we are able to attract new users through these mobile offerings, the amount of revenue that we derive per user from mobile offerings may be less than the revenue that we have historically derived from users of personal computers. As new devices and new platforms are continually being released, it is difficult to predict the problems we may encounter in developing versions of our products and services for use on these alternative devices and we may need to devote significant resources to the creation, support, and maintenance of such offerings. If we are slow to develop products and technologies that are compatible with these alternative devices, or if our competitors are able to achieve those results more quickly than us, we will fail to capture a significant share of an increasingly important portion of the market for online services, which could adversely affect our business.
In some cases, we may expend a significant amount of resources and management attention on offerings that do not ultimately succeed in their markets. We have encountered difficulty in launching new products and services in the past. If we misjudge customer needs in the future, our new products and services may not succeed and our revenues and earnings may be harmed. We have also invested, and in the future expect to invest, in new business models, geographies, strategies and initiatives. Such endeavors may involve significant risks and uncertainties, including distraction of management from current operations, expenses associated with the initiatives and inadequate return on investments. Because these new initiatives are inherently risky, they may not be successful and may harm our financial condition and operating results.
Business interruption or failure of our information technology and communication systems may impair the availability of our products and services, which may damage our reputation and harm our future financial results.
As we continue to transition our business to more connected services, we become more dependent on the continuing operation and availability of our information technology and communication systems and those of our external service providers, including, for example, third party Internet-based or “cloud” computing services. We do not have redundancy for all of our systems, many of our critical applications reside in only one of our data centers, and our disaster recovery planning may not account for all eventualities. In the event of significant system disruption we may experience loss of data or processing capabilities, which may cause us to lose customers and may materially harm our reputation and our operating results. In addition, we are in the process of updating our customer facing applications and the supporting information technology infrastructure to meet our customers’ expectations for continuous service availability. Any difficulties in upgrading these applications or infrastructure or failure of our systems or those of our third-party service providers may result in interruptions in our service, which may reduce our revenues and profits, cause us to lose customers and damage our reputation. Any prolonged interruptions at any time may result in lost customers, additional refunds of customer charges, negative publicity and increased operating costs, any of which may significantly harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We are in the process of migrating our applications and infrastructure to new data centers and to third party hosted environments. If we do not execute the transition to these new environments in an effective manner, we may experience unplanned service disruptions or unforeseen increases in costs which may harm our operating results and our business.
Our business operations, data centers, information technology and communications systems are vulnerable to damage or interruption from natural disasters, human error, malicious attacks, fire, power loss, telecommunications failures, computer viruses, computer denial of service attacks, terrorist attacks and other events beyond our control. The majority of our activities, our corporate headquarters, our principal information technology systems, and other critical business operations are located near major seismic faults. We do not carry earthquake insurance for direct quake-related losses. Our future financial results may be materially harmed in the event of a major earthquake or other natural or man-made disaster.
We rely on internal systems and external systems maintained by manufacturers, distributors and other service providers to take and fulfill customer orders, handle customer service requests and host certain online activities. Any interruption or failure of our internal or external systems may prevent us or our service providers from accepting and fulfilling customer orders or cause company and customer data to be unintentionally disclosed. Our continuing efforts to upgrade and expand our network security and other information systems as well as our high-availability capabilities may be costly, and problems with the design or implementation of system enhancements may harm our business and our results of operations.

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We host, collect, use and retain sensitive and personal customer information and data. A security breach resulting in third party access to this information and data could materially disrupt our businesses, result in the disclosure of confidential information, significantly damage our reputation and cause material losses.

We host, collect, use and retain large amounts of sensitive and personal customer information and data, including credit card information, tax return information, bank account numbers and passwords, personal and business financial data and transactions, social security numbers, healthcare information and payroll information. In addition, we collect and maintain sensitive and personal information of our employees in the ordinary course of our business. The volume of sensitive and personal information that we collect has been increasing and will continue to increase as we further transition our businesses to connected services. We and our vendors use commercially available security technologies to protect this information and data, and we also use security and business controls to limit access to and use of such sensitive and personal customer information and data. However, such measures cannot provide absolute security, and we have experienced instances in the past where criminals, using stolen identity information obtained outside of our systems, have gained unauthorized and illegal access to our customers’ data. As the accessibility of stolen identity information increases, we may experience additional instances of unauthorized and illegal access to our systems using our customers’ stolen identity information in the future. In addition, third parties may fraudulently induce employees, customers, or users to disclose sensitive information in order to gain access to our data or customers' data. The security measures that we implement may not be able to prevent access to our systems from unauthorized users who have fraudulently obtained our customers' personal information. In addition, because the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access change frequently and may be difficult to detect for long periods of time, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or implement adequate preventive measures. A major breach of our security measures or those of third parties that provide hosting services or have access to our sensitive and personal customer information may have serious negative consequences for our businesses, including possible fines, penalties and damages, reduced customer demand for our services, material harm to our reputation and brands, further regulation and oversight by federal or state agencies, and loss of our ability to provide financial transaction services or accept and process customer credit card orders or tax returns.

From time to time, we detect, or receive notices from customers or public or private agencies that they have detected, vulnerabilities in our servers, our software or third-party software components that are distributed with our products or fraudulent activity by unauthorized persons utilizing our products with stolen customer identity information. The existence of such vulnerabilities or fraudulent activity, even if they do not result in a security breach, may undermine customer confidence as well as the confidence of government agencies that we rely on to ensure that we can implement our offerings and require substantial resources to address, and we may not be able to discover or remediate such security vulnerabilities before they are exploited. In addition, our technologies, systems, and networks and our customers' devices have been subject to, and are likely to continue to be the target of, cyber attacks, computer viruses, worms, phishing attacks, malicious software programs and other information security breaches that could result in the unauthorized release, gathering, monitoring, misuse, loss or destruction of our customers' sensitive and personal information and data, or otherwise disrupt our or our customers' or other third parties' business operations. Although this is an industry-wide problem that affects software across platforms, it is increasingly affecting our offerings because cybercriminals tend to focus their efforts on well-known offerings that are popular among customers, and we expect them to continue to do so. If these cybercriminals are able to circumvent our security measures, or if we are unable to detect an intrusion into our systems and contain such intrusion in a reasonable amount of time, our customers' sensitive and personal information and data may be compromised.

In addition, our employees, contractors, temporary and seasonal employees may have access to sensitive and personal information of our customers and employees. While we conduct background checks of our employees and these other individuals and limit access to systems and data, it is possible that one or more of these individuals may circumvent these controls, resulting in a security breach. In addition, we rely on third party vendors to host certain of our sensitive and personal information and data. While we conduct due diligence on these third party partners with respect to their security and business controls, we may not have the ability to effectively monitor or oversee the implementation of these controls measures, and, in any event, individuals or third parties may be able to circumvent these security and business controls and/or exploit vulnerabilities that may exist in these controls, resulting in a loss of sensitive and personal customer or employee information and data.
If we are unable to develop, manage and maintain critical third party business relationships, our business may be adversely affected.
Our growth is dependent on the strength of our business relationships and our ability to continue to develop, maintain and leverage new and existing relationships. We rely on various third party partners, including software and service providers, suppliers, vendors, manufacturers, distributors, contractors, financial institutions, core processors, licensing partners and development partners, among others, in many areas of our business in order to deliver our offerings and operate our business. We also rely on third parties to support the operation of our business by maintaining our physical facilities, equipment, power systems and infrastructure. In certain instances, these third party relationships are sole source or limited source relationships

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and can be difficult to replace or substitute depending on the level of integration of the third party’s products or services into, or with, our offerings and/or the general availability of such third party’s products and services. In addition, there may be few or no alternative third party providers or vendors in the market. Further, there can be no assurance that we will be able to adequately retain third party contractors engaged to help us operate our business. The failure of third parties to provide acceptable and high quality products, services and technologies or to update their products, services and technologies may result in a disruption to our business operations and our customers, which may reduce our revenues and profits, cause us to lose customers and damage our reputation. Alternative arrangements and services may not be available to us on commercially reasonable terms or we may experience business interruptions upon a transition to an alternative partner.
In particular, we have relationships with banks, credit unions and other financial institutions that support certain critical services we offer to our customers. If macroeconomic conditions or other factors cause any of these institutions to fail, consolidate, stop providing certain services or institute cost-cutting efforts, our business and financial results may suffer and we may be unable to offer those services to our customers.
We have also started to increasingly utilize the distribution platforms of third parties like Apple's App Store and Google's Play Store for the distribution of certain of our product offerings. Although we benefit from the strong brand recognition and large user base of these distribution platforms to attract new customers, the platform owners have wide discretion to change the pricing structure, terms of service and other policies with respect to us and other developers. Any adverse changes by these third parties could adversely affect our financial results.

Increased government regulation of our businesses may harm our operating results.

The Company is subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations that affect the Company’s activities, including, without limitation, areas of labor, advertising, tax, financial services, data privacy and security requirements, digital content, consumer protection, real estate, billing, e-commerce, promotions, quality of services, intellectual property ownership and infringement, import and export requirements, anti-corruption, foreign exchange controls and cash repatriation restrictions, anti-competition, environmental, health and safety. There have been significant new regulations and heightened focus by the government on many of these areas, as well as in areas such as insurance and healthcare (including, for example, the Affordable Care Act). As we expand our products and services and revise our business models, both domestically and internationally, we may become subject to additional government regulation or increased regulatory scrutiny. Further, regulators may adopt new laws or regulations or their interpretation of existing laws or regulations may differ from ours as well as the laws of other jurisdictions in which we operate. These regulatory requirements could impose significant limitations, require changes to our business, require notification to customers or employees of a security breach, restrict our use of personal information, or cause changes in customer purchasing behavior which may make our business more costly, less efficient or impossible to conduct, and may require us to modify our current or future products or services, which may harm our future financial results. For example, as our business continues to expand to new industry segments that may be more highly regulated for privacy and data security, and to countries outside the United States that have more strict data protection laws, our compliance requirements and costs may increase. We have incurred – and may continue to incur – significant expenses to comply with mandatory privacy and security standards and protocols imposed by law, regulation, industry standards or contractual obligations.

The tax preparation industry continues to receive heightened attention from federal and state governments. New legislation, regulation, public policy considerations, changes in the cybersecurity environment, litigation by the government or private entities, or new interpretations of existing laws may result in greater oversight of the tax preparation industry, restrict the types of products and services that we can offer or the prices we can charge, or otherwise cause us to change the way we operate our tax businesses or offer our tax products and services. We may not be able to respond quickly to such regulatory, legislative and other developments, and these changes may in turn increase our cost of doing business and limit our revenue opportunities. In addition, if our practices are not consistent with new interpretations of existing laws, we may become subject to lawsuits, penalties, and other liabilities that did not previously apply. We are also required to comply with a variety of state revenue agency standards in order to successfully operate our tax preparation and electronic filing services. Changes in state-imposed requirements by one or more of the states, including the required use of specific technologies or technology standards, may significantly increase the costs of providing those services to our customers and may prevent us from delivering a quality product to our customers in a timely manner.
If we fail to process transactions effectively or fail to adequately protect against disputed or potential fraudulent activities, our revenue and earnings may be harmed.
Our operations process a significant volume and dollar value of transactions on a daily basis, especially in our payroll and payments businesses. Due to the size and volume of transactions that we handle, effective processing systems and controls are essential to ensure that transactions are handled appropriately. Despite our efforts, it is possible that we may make errors or that funds may be misappropriated due to fraud. The systems supporting our business are comprised of multiple technology

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platforms that are difficult to scale. If we are unable to effectively manage our systems and processes we may be unable to process customer data in an accurate, reliable and timely manner, which may harm our business. In our payments processing service business, if merchants for whom we process payment transactions are unable to pay refunds due to their customers in connection with disputed or fraudulent merchant transactions, we may be required to pay those amounts and our payments may exceed the amount of the customer reserves we have established to make such payments.
If we are unable to effectively combat the increasing amount and sophistication of fraudulent activities by third parties using our offerings, we may suffer losses, which may be substantial, and lose the confidence of our customers and government agencies and our revenues and earnings may be harmed.
The online tax preparation, payroll administration and online payments industries have been experiencing an increasing amount of fraudulent activities by third parties, and those fraudulent activities are becoming increasingly sophisticated. Although we do not believe that any of this activity is uniquely targeted at our products or business, this type of fraudulent activity may adversely impact our consumer tax, payroll, and payments businesses. In addition to any losses that may result from such fraud, which may be substantial, a loss of confidence by our customers or by governmental agencies in our ability to prevent fraudulent activity that is perpetrated through our offerings may seriously harm our business and damage our brand. If we cannot adequately combat such fraudulent activity that is perpetrated through our tax offerings, state or federal tax authorities may refuse to allow us to continue to process our customers’ tax returns electronically, resulting in a significant adverse impact on our earnings and revenue. As fraudulent activities become more pervasive and increasingly sophisticated, and fraud detection and prevention measures must become correspondingly more complex to combat them across the various industries in which we operate, we may implement risk control mechanisms that could make it more difficult for legitimate customers to obtain and use our products, which could result in lost revenue and negatively impact our earnings.
Third parties claiming that we infringe their proprietary rights may cause us to incur significant legal expenses and prevent us from selling our products.
We may become increasingly subject to infringement claims, including patent, copyright, trade secret, and trademark infringement claims. Litigation may be necessary to determine the validity and scope of the intellectual property rights of others. We have received a number of allegations of intellectual property infringement claims in the past and expect to receive more claims in the future based on allegations that our offerings infringe upon the intellectual property held by third parties. Some of these claims are the subject of pending litigation against us and against some of our customers. These claims may involve patent holding companies or other adverse intellectual property owners who have no relevant product revenues of their own, and against whom our own intellectual property may provide little or no deterrence. The ultimate outcome of any allegation is uncertain and, regardless of outcome, any such claim, with or without merit, may be time consuming to defend, result in costly litigation, divert management’s time and attention from our business, require us to stop selling, delay shipping or redesign our products, or require us to pay monetary damages for royalty or licensing fees, or to satisfy indemnification obligations that we have with some of our customers. Our failure to obtain necessary license or other rights, or litigation arising out of intellectual property claims may harm our business.
We rely on third party intellectual property in our products and services.
Many of our products and services include intellectual property of third parties, which we license under agreements that may need to be renewed or renegotiated from time to time. We may not be able to obtain licenses to these third party technologies or content on reasonable terms, or at all. If we are unable to obtain the rights necessary to use this intellectual property in our products and services, we may not be able to sell the affected offerings, and customers who are currently using the affected product may be disrupted, which may in turn harm our future financial results, damage our brand, and result in customer loss. Also, we and our customers have been and may continue to be subject to infringement claims as a result of the third party intellectual property incorporated in to our offerings. Although we try to mitigate this risk and we may not be ultimately liable for any potential infringement, pending claims require us to use significant resources, require management attention and could result in loss of customers.
Some of our offerings include third-party software that is licensed under so-called “open source” licenses, some of which may include a requirement that, under certain circumstances, we make available, or grant licenses to, any modifications or derivative works we create based upon the open source software. Although we have established internal review and approval processes to mitigate these risks, we may not be sure that all open source software is submitted for approval prior to use in our products. Many of the risks associated with usage of open source may not be eliminated, and may, if not properly addressed, harm our business.

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Our intellectual property rights are valuable, and any inability to protect them could reduce the value of our products, services, and brand.
Our patents, trademarks, trade secrets, copyrights and other intellectual property rights are important assets for us. We aggressively protect our intellectual property rights by relying on federal, state and common law rights in the U.S. and internationally, as well as a variety of administrative procedures. We also rely on contractual restrictions to protect our proprietary rights in products and services. The efforts that we take to protect our proprietary rights may not always be sufficient or effective. Protecting our intellectual property rights is costly and time consuming and may not be successful in every location. Any significant impairment of our intellectual property rights could harm our business, our brand and our ability to compete.
Policing unauthorized use and copying of our products is difficult, expensive, and time consuming. Current U.S. laws that prohibit copying give us only limited practical protection from software piracy and the laws of many other countries provide very little protection. We frequently encounter unauthorized copies of our software being sold through online marketplaces. Although we continue to evaluate and put in place technology solutions to attempt to lessen the impact of piracy and engage in efforts to educate consumers and public policy leaders on these issues and cooperate with industry groups in their efforts to combat piracy, we expect piracy to be a persistent problem that results in lost revenues and increased expenses.
Because competition for our key employees is intense, we may not be able to attract, retain and develop the highly skilled employees we need to support our planned growth.
Much of our future success depends on the continued service and availability of skilled personnel, including members of our executive team, and those in technical, marketing and staff positions. Experienced personnel in the software, mobile technologies, data science, data security, and software as a service industries are in high demand and competition for their talents is intense, especially in California and India, where the majority of our employees are located. Also, as we strive to continue to adapt to technological change and introduce new and enhanced products and business models, we must be able to secure, maintain and develop the right quality and quantity of engaged and committed talent. Although we strive to be an employer of choice, we may not be able to continue to successfully attract, retain and develop key personnel which may cause our business to suffer.
The nature of our products and services necessitates timely product launches, and if we experience significant product quality problems or delays, it may harm our revenue, earnings and reputation.
All of our tax products and many of our non-tax products have rigid development timetables that increase the risk of errors in our products and the risk of launch delays. Our tax preparation software product development cycle is particularly challenging due to the need to incorporate unpredictable tax law and tax form changes each year and because our customers expect high levels of accuracy and a timely launch of these products to prepare and file their taxes by the tax filing deadline. Due to the complexity of our products and the condensed development cycles under which we operate, our products sometimes contain glitches that may unexpectedly interfere with the operation of the software. The complexity of our products may also make it difficult for us to consistently deliver offerings that contain the features, functionality and level of accuracy that our customers expect. When we encounter problems we may be required to modify our code, distribute patches to customers who have already purchased the product and recall or repackage existing product inventory in our distribution channels. If we encounter development challenges or discover errors in our products late in our development cycle it may cause us to delay our product launch date. Any major defects or launch delays may lead to loss of customers and revenue, negative publicity, customer and employee dissatisfaction, reduced retailer shelf space and promotions, and increased operating expenses, such as inventory replacement costs, legal fees or payments resulting from our commitment to reimburse penalties and interest paid by customers due solely to calculation errors in our consumer tax preparation products.
Our Consumer Tax business is highly seasonal and our quarterly results could fluctuate significantly.
Our Consumer Tax offerings have significant seasonal patterns. Revenue from income tax preparation products and services is heavily concentrated during November through April. This seasonality has caused significant fluctuations in our quarterly financial results. Our financial results may also fluctuate from quarter to quarter and year to year due to a variety of factors, including factors that may affect the timing of revenue recognition. These include changes to our offerings that result in the inclusion or exclusion of ongoing services; changes in product pricing strategies or product sales mix; the timing of the availability of federal and state tax forms from taxing agencies and the ability of those agencies to receive electronic tax return submissions; changes in consumer behavior; and the timing of our discontinuation of support for older product offerings. Other factors that may affect our quarterly or annual financial results include the timing of acquisitions, divestitures, and goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment charges. Any fluctuations in our operating results may adversely affect our stock price.

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We are frequently a party to litigation and regulatory inquiries which could result in an unfavorable outcome and have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operation and cash flows.
We are subject to various legal proceedings (including class action lawsuits), claims and regulatory inquiries that have arisen out of the ordinary conduct of our business and are not yet resolved and additional claims and inquiries may arise in the future. The number and significance of these claims and inquiries have increased as our businesses have evolved. Any proceedings, claims or inquiries initiated by or against us, whether successful or not, may be time consuming; result in costly litigation, damage awards, consent decrees, injunctive relief or increased costs of business; require us to change our business practices or products; require significant amounts of management time; result in diversion of significant operations resources; or otherwise harm our business and future financial results. For further information about specific litigation, see Part II, Item 1, “Legal Proceedings.”
Adverse global economic conditions could harm our business and financial condition.
Adverse macroeconomic developments could negatively affect our business and financial condition. Adverse global economic events have caused, and could, in the future, cause disruptions and volatility in global financial markets and increased rates of default and bankruptcy, and could impact consumer and small business spending. In particular, because the majority of our revenue is derived from sales within the U.S., economic conditions in the U.S. have an even greater impact on us than companies with a more diverse international presence. Challenging economic times could cause potential new customers not to purchase or to delay purchasing of our products and services, and could cause our existing customers to discontinue purchasing or delay upgrades of our existing products and services, thereby negatively impacting our revenues and future financial results. Decreased consumer spending levels could also reduce credit and debit card transaction processing volumes causing reductions in our payments revenue. Poor economic conditions and high unemployment have caused, and could in the future cause, a significant decrease in the number of tax returns filed, which may have a significant effect on the number of tax returns we prepare and file. In addition, weakness in the end-user consumer and small business markets could negatively affect the cash flow of our distributors and resellers who could, in turn, delay paying their obligations to us, which could increase our credit risk exposure and cause delays in our recognition of revenue or future sales to these customers. Any of these events could harm our business and our future financial results.
We regularly invest resources to update and improve our internal information technology systems and software platforms. Should our investments not succeed, or if delays or other issues with new or existing internal technology systems and software platforms disrupt our operations, our business could be harmed.
We rely on our network and data center infrastructure and internal technology systems for many of our development, marketing, operational, support, sales, accounting and financial reporting activities. We are continually investing resources to update and improve these systems and environments in order to meet existing, as well as the growing and changing requirements of our business and customers. If we experience prolonged delays or unforeseen difficulties in updating and upgrading our systems and architecture, we may experience outages and may not be able to deliver certain offerings and develop new offerings and enhancements that we need to remain competitive. Such improvements and upgrades are often complex, costly and time consuming. In addition such improvements can be challenging to integrate with our existing technology systems, or may uncover problems with our existing technology systems. Unsuccessful implementation of hardware or software updates and improvements could result in outages, disruption in our business operations, loss of revenue or damage to our reputation.
Our international operations are subject to increased risks which may harm our business, operating results, and financial condition.
In addition to uncertainty about our ability to generate revenues from our foreign operations and expand into international markets, there are risks inherent in doing business internationally, including:
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different or more restrictive privacy, data protection and other laws that could require us to make changes to our products, services and operations;
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difficulties in developing, staffing, and simultaneously managing a large number of varying foreign operations as a result of distance, language, and cultural differences;
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stringent local labor laws and regulations;
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credit risk and higher levels of payment fraud;
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profit repatriation restrictions, and foreign currency exchange restrictions;
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geopolitical events, including natural disasters, acts of war and terrorism;

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import or export regulations;
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compliance with U.S. laws such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, and local laws prohibiting corrupt payments to government officials;
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antitrust and competition regulations;
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potentially adverse tax developments;
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economic uncertainties relating to European sovereign and other debt;
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trade barriers and changes in trade regulations;
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political or social unrest, economic instability, repression, or human rights issues; and
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risks related to other government regulation or required compliance with local laws.
Violations of the complex foreign and U.S. laws and regulations that apply to our international operations may result in fines, criminal actions or sanctions against us, our officers or our employees, prohibitions on the conduct of our business and damage to our reputation. Although we have implemented policies and procedures designed to promote compliance with these laws, there can be no assurance that our employees, contractors or agents will not violate our policies. These risks inherent in our international operations and expansion increase our costs of doing business internationally and may result in harm to our business, operating results, and financial condition.
If actual product returns exceed returns reserves, our future financial results may be harmed.
We ship more desktop software products to our distributors and retailers than we expect them to sell, in order to reduce the risk that distributors or retailers may run out of products. This is particularly true for our Consumer Tax products, which have a short selling season and for which returns occur primarily in our fiscal third and fourth quarters. Like many software companies that sell their products through distributors and retailers, we have historically accepted significant product returns. We establish reserves against revenue for product returns in our financial statements based on estimated returns and we closely monitor product sales and inventory in the retail channel in an effort to maintain adequate reserves. In the past, returns have not differed significantly from these reserves. However, if we experience actual returns that significantly exceed reserves, it may result in lower net revenue.
Unanticipated changes in our income tax rates may affect our future financial results.
Our future effective income tax rates may be favorably or unfavorably affected by unanticipated changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities, or by changes in tax laws or their interpretation. In addition, we are subject to the continuous examination of our income tax returns by the Internal Revenue Service and other tax authorities. We regularly assess the likelihood of adverse outcomes resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our provision for income taxes. These continuous examinations may result in unforeseen tax-related liabilities, which may harm our future financial results.
Amortization of acquired intangible assets and impairment charges may cause significant fluctuation in our net income.
Our acquisitions have resulted in significant expenses, including amortization and impairment of acquired technology and other acquired intangible assets, and impairment of goodwill. Total costs and expenses in these categories were approximately $15 million in the first six months of fiscal 2016, $339 million in fiscal 2015, $25 million in fiscal 2014, and $76 million in fiscal 2013. Although under current accounting rules goodwill is not amortized, we may incur impairment charges related to the goodwill already recorded and to goodwill arising out of future acquisitions. We test the impairment of goodwill annually in our fourth fiscal quarter or more frequently if indicators of impairment arise. The timing of the formal annual test may result in charges to our statement of operations in our fourth fiscal quarter that may not have been reasonably foreseen in prior periods. The total costs and expenses for fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2013 included goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges of $297 million and $46 million. At January 31, 2016, we had $1.3 billion in goodwill and $67 million in net acquired intangible assets on our balance sheet, both of which may be subject to impairment charges in the future. New acquisitions, and any impairment of the value of acquired intangible assets, may have a significant negative impact on our future financial results.
Our acquisition and divestiture activities may disrupt our ongoing business, may involve increased expenses and may present risks not contemplated at the time of the transactions.
We have acquired and may continue to acquire companies, products and technologies that complement our strategic direction. Acquisitions involve significant risks and uncertainties, including:
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inability to successfully integrate the acquired technology and operations into our business and maintain uniform standards, controls, policies, and procedures;

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inability to realize synergies expected to result from an acquisition;
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disruption of our ongoing business and distraction of management;
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challenges retaining the key employees, customers, resellers and other business partners of the acquired operation;
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the internal control environment of an acquired entity may not be consistent with our standards and may require significant time and resources to improve;
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unidentified issues not discovered in our due diligence process, including product or service quality issues, intellectual property issues and legal contingencies;
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failure to successfully further develop an acquired business or technology and any resulting impairment of amounts currently capitalized as intangible assets;
•
in the case of foreign acquisitions and investments, the impact of particular economic, tax, currency, political, legal and regulatory risks associated with specific countries.

We have divested and may in the future divest certain assets or businesses that no longer fit with our strategic direction or growth targets. Divestitures involve significant risks and uncertainties, including:
•
inability to find potential buyers on favorable terms;
•
failure to effectively transfer liabilities, contracts, facilities and employees to buyers;
•
requirements that we retain or indemnify buyers against certain liabilities and obligations in connection with any such divestiture;
•
the possibility that we will become subject to third-party claims arising out of such divestiture;
•
challenges in identifying and separating the intellectual properties to be divested from the intellectual properties that we wish to retain;
•
inability to reduce fixed costs previously associated with the divested assets or business;
•
challenges in collecting the proceeds from any divestiture;
•
disruption of our ongoing business and distraction of management;
•
loss of key employees who leave the Company as a result of a divestiture;
•
if customers or partners of the divested business do not receive the same level of service from the new owners, our other businesses may be adversely affected, to the extent that these customers or partners also purchase other products offered by us or otherwise conduct business with our retained business.
Because acquisitions and divestitures are inherently risky, our transactions may not be successful and may, in some cases, harm our operating results or financial condition. Although we typically fund our acquisitions through cash available from operations, if we were to use debt to fund acquisitions or for other purposes, our interest expense and leverage would increase significantly, and if we were to issue equity securities as consideration in an acquisition, current shareholders’ percentage ownership and earnings per share would be diluted.
We have $500 million in long-term debt outstanding and have drawn $745 million on our unsecured revolving credit facility and may incur other debt in the future, which may adversely affect our financial condition and future financial results.
In fiscal 2007 we issued $500 million in senior unsecured notes due in March 2017. As the debt matures, we will have to expend significant resources to either repay or refinance these notes. If we decide to refinance the notes, we may be required to do so on different or less favorable terms or we may be unable to refinance the notes at all, both of which may adversely affect our financial condition.
We also have a five-year unsecured revolving credit facility. As of January 31, 2016, there was $745 million in outstanding borrowings on this credit facility. We may use the proceeds of any advances against the credit facility for general corporate purposes, including future acquisitions and share repurchases.
This debt may adversely affect our financial condition and future financial results by, among other things:
•
increasing our vulnerability to downturns in our business, to competitive pressures and to adverse economic and industry conditions;

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•
requiring the dedication of a portion of our expected cash from operations to service our indebtedness, thereby reducing the amount of expected cash flow available for other purposes, including capital expenditures and acquisitions; and
•
limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our businesses and our industries.
Our current unsecured revolving credit facility imposes restrictions on us, including restrictions on our ability to create liens on our assets and the ability of our subsidiaries to incur indebtedness, and require us to maintain compliance with specified financial ratios. Our ability to comply with these ratios may be affected by events beyond our control. In addition, our short- and long-term debt includes covenants that may adversely affect our ability to incur certain liens or engage in certain types of sale and leaseback transactions. If we breach any of the covenants under our short- and long-term debt or our unsecured revolving credit facility and do not obtain a waiver from the lenders, then, subject to applicable cure periods, any outstanding indebtedness may be declared immediately due and payable.
In addition, changes by any rating agency to our credit rating may negatively impact the value and liquidity of both our debt and equity securities. If our credit ratings are downgraded or other negative action is taken, the interest rate payable by us under our unsecured revolving credit facility may increase. In addition, any downgrades in our credit ratings may affect our ability to obtain additional financing in the future and may affect the terms of any such financing.
We are subject to risks associated with information disseminated through our services.
The laws relating to the liability of online services companies for information such as online content disseminated through their services are subject to frequent challenges. In spite of settled law in the U.S., claims are made against online services companies by parties who disagree with the content. Where our online content is accessed on the internet outside of the U.S., challenges may be brought under foreign laws which do not provide the same protections for online services companies as in the U.S. These challenges in either U.S. or foreign jurisdictions may rise to legal claims alleging defamation, libel, invasion of privacy, negligence, copyright or trademark infringement, or other theories based on the nature and content of the materials disseminated through the services. Certain of our services include content generated by users of our online services. Although this content is not generated by us, claims of defamation or other injury may be made against us for that content. Any costs incurred as a result of this potential liability may harm our business.
Our stock price may be volatile and your investment could lose value.
Our stock price is subject to changes in recommendations or earnings estimates by financial analysts, changes in investors' or analysts' valuation measures for our stock, our credit ratings and market trends unrelated to our performance. Furthermore, speculation in the press or investment community about our strategic position, financial condition, results of operations, business or security of our products, can cause changes in our stock price. These factors, as well as general economic and political conditions and the timing of announcements in the public market regarding new products, product enhancements or technological advances by our competitors or us, and any announcements by us of acquisitions, major transactions, or management changes may adversely affect our stock price. Further, any changes in the amounts or frequency of share repurchases or dividends may also adversely affect our stock price. A significant drop in our stock price could expose us to the risk of securities class actions lawsuits, which may result in substantial costs and divert management's attention and resources, which may adversely affect our business.
Our business depends on our strong reputation and the value of our brands.
Developing and maintaining awareness of our brands is critical to achieving widespread acceptance of our existing and future products and services and is an important element in attracting new customers. Adverse publicity (whether or not justified) relating to events or activities attributed to us, our employees or agents may tarnish our reputation and reduce the value of our brands. Damage to our reputation and loss of brand equity may reduce demand for our products and services and thus have an adverse effect on our future financial results, as well as require additional resources to rebuild our reputation and restore the value of the brands.

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ITEM 2
UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS


PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS
Stock repurchase activity during the three months ended January 31, 2016 was as follows:

Period
 
Total Number
of Shares
Purchased
 
Average
Price Paid
per Share
 
Total Number
of Shares
Purchased
as Part of
Publicly
Announced
Plans
 
Approximate
Dollar Value
of Shares
That May Yet
Be Purchased
Under
the Plans
November 1, 2015 through November 30, 2015
 
700,380

 
$
98.92

 
700,380

 
$
1,285,215,398

December 1, 2015 through December 31, 2015
 
1,204,021

 
$
97.75

 
1,204,021

 
$
1,167,521,002

January 1, 2016 through January 31, 2016
 
2,870,378

 
$
93.25

 
2,870,378

 
$
899,852,021

Total
 
4,774,779

 
$
95.22

 
4,774,779

 
 
Note: All of the shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans during the three months ended January 31, 2016 were purchased under a plan we announced on May 19, 2015 under which we are authorized to repurchase up to $2 billion of our common stock from time to time over a four-year period ending on May 19, 2019. At January 31, 2016, authorization from our Board of Directors to expend up to $900 million remained available under that plan.


ITEM 6
EXHIBITS
See the Exhibit Index immediately following the signature page of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.



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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 
 
INTUIT INC.
(Registrant)
 
 
Date:
February 25, 2016
By:  
/s/ R. NEIL WILLIAMS  
 
 
 
 
R. Neil Williams 
 
 
 
 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer) 
 


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EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit
Number
 
Exhibit Description
 
Filed
Herewith
 
Incorporated by
Reference
10.01
 
Agreement of Purchase and Sale and Joint Escrow Instructions by and between Intuit Inc. and Kilroy Realty, L.P.
 
 
 
8-K filed 11/16/15
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.02+
 
Intuit Inc. Non-employee Director Compensation Program, effective January 21, 2016
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.03
 
Credit Agreement by and among Intuit, the Lenders parties thereto (the “Lenders”), Bank of America, N.A. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as co-administrative agents, U.S. Bank National Association and The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd., as co-syndication agents for the Lenders, and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, J.P. Morgan Securities L.L.C., U.S. Bank National Association and The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd., as joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners dated February 1, 2016
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31.01
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31.02
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32.01*
 
Section 1350 Certification (Chief Executive Officer)
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32.02*
 
Section 1350 Certification (Chief Financial Officer)
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
 
X
 
 
________________________________
+
Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
*
This exhibit is intended to be furnished and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.


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